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        Research

        A situational assessment of treatments received for childhood diarrhea in the Federal Republic of Nigeria

        We assess progress towards improved case management of childhood diarrhea in Nigeria over a period of targeted health systems reform from 2013 to 2018. Individual and community data from three Demographic and Health Survey rounds are leveraged in a geospatial model designed for stratified estimation by venue of treatment seeking and State. ...

        Research

        Altered dietary behaviour during pregnancy impacts systemic metabolic phenotypes

        Evidence suggests consumption of a Mediterranean diet (MD) can positively impact both maternal and offspring health, potentially mediated by a beneficial effect on inflammatory pathways. We aimed to apply metabolic profiling of serum and urine samples to assess differences between women who were stratified into high and low alignment to a MD throughout pregnancy and investigate the relationship of the diet to inflammatory markers.   ...

        Research

        Interpregnancy interval and adverse birth outcomes: a population-based cohort study of twins

        To investigate associations between interpregnancy intervals (IPIs) and adverse birth outcomes in twin pregnancies. ...

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        Impacts of body weight change on treatment outcomes in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Northwest Ethiopia

        Measuring body weight during therapy has received insufficient attention in poor resource settings like Ethiopia. We aimed to investigate the association between weight change during therapy and treatment outcomes among patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in northwest Ethiopia. ...

        Research

        Indigenous Australian genomes show deep structure and rich novel variation

        The Indigenous peoples of Australia have a rich linguistic and cultural history. How this relates to genetic diversity remains largely unknown because of their limited engagement with genomic studies. Here we analyse the genomes of 159 individuals from four remote Indigenous communities, including people who speak a language (Tiwi) not from the most widespread family (Pama-Nyungan). This large collection of Indigenous Australian genomes was made possible by careful community engagement and consultation. ...

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        A systematic search and narrative review of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and men pelvic health care: demonstrated need for improvement

        Pelvic health conditions among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and men are under-recognised and under-reported despite indication of the significant burden of these conditions. Access to effective management provided in a culturally safe manner appears lacking. ...

        Research

        A Deep Learning-Based System for the Assessment of Dental Caries Using Colour Dental Photographs

        Dental caries remains the most common chronic disease in childhood, affecting almost half of all children globally. Dental care and examination of children living in remote and rural areas is an ongoing challenge that has been compounded by COVID. ...

        Research

        Investigating the walkability of primary, secondary and K-12 schools across metropolitan Perth, Western Australia

        Having a walkable built environment is important to encourage active school transport. The aim of this study was to measure the walkability of all Perth, Western Australian schools and investigate whether differences in walkability exist by school type, socioeconomic status and/or subregion.  ...

        Research

        Symbiotic symphony: Understanding host-microbiota dialogues in a spatial context

        Modern precision sequencing techniques have established humans as a holobiont that live in symbiosis with the microbiome. Microbes play an active role throughout the life of a human ranging from metabolism and immunity to disease tolerance. Hence, it is of utmost significance to study the eukaryotic host in conjunction with the microbial antigens to obtain a complete picture of the host-microbiome crosstalk.  ...

        Research

        Developmental origins of psycho-cardiometabolic multimorbidity in adolescence and their underlying pathways through methylation markers: a two-cohort study

        Understanding the biological mechanisms behind multimorbidity patterns in adolescence is important as they may act as intermediary risk factor for long-term health. We aimed to explore relationship between prenatal exposures and adolescent's psycho-cardiometabolic intermediary traits mediated through epigenetic biomarkers, using structural equation modeling (SEM).  ...

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