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        Research

        Malignant Pleural Effusions—A Window Into Local Anti-Tumor T Cell Immunity?

        The success of immunotherapy that targets inhibitory T cell receptors for the treatment of multiple cancers has seen the anti-tumor immune response re-emerge as a promising biomarker of response to therapy. Longitudinal characterization of T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) helps us understand how to promote effective anti-tumor immunity. However, serial analyses at the tumor site are rarely feasible in clinical practice. ...

        Research

        Formative evaluation of a community-based approach to reduce the incidence of Strep A infections and acute rheumatic fever

        We explore the acceptability of a novel, outreached-based approach to improve primary and primordial prevention of Strep A skin sores, sore throats and acute rheumatic fever in remote Aboriginal communities. A comprehensive prevention program delivered by trained Aboriginal Community Workers was evaluated using approximately fortnightly household surveys about health and housing and clinical records. ...

        Research

        Lower HbA1c targets are associated with better metabolic control

        Previous studies have suggested that clear HbA1c target setting by the diabetes team is associated with HbA1c outcomes in adolescents. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether this finding is consistent in a larger cohort of children from centers participating in the SWEET international diabetes registry. A questionnaire was sent out to 76 SWEET centers, of which responses from 53 pediatric centers were included (70%). Descriptive outcomes were presented as median with lower and upper quartile. ...

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        Alcohol-related harm in emergency departments: linking to subsequent hospitalizations to quantify under-reporting of presentations

        Alcohol-related harm in emergency departments: linking to subsequent hospitalizations to quantify under-reporting of presentations.To quantify the proportion of emergency department (ED) presentations that could be identified as alcohol-related when linking to a patient's subsequent hospitalization, compared with using ED data alone, and to assess that comparison according to the change in alcohol harm rates over time and potential variations within subpopulations. ...

        Research

        School-based HPV vaccination positively impacts parents’ attitudes toward adolescent vaccination

        This qualitative study aimed to explore parental attitudes, knowledge and decision-making about HPV vaccination for adolescents in the context of a gender-neutral school-based Australian National Immunisation Program (NIP). Semi-structured interviews with parents of adolescents eligible for HPV vaccination were undertaken as part of an evaluation of a cluster-randomised controlled trial of a complex intervention in 40 schools (2013-2015). ...

        Research

        MK2 inhibition induces p53-dependent senescence in glioblastoma cells

        In response to DNA damaging chemotherapy, targeting MK2 in p53-mutated cells produces a phenotype that is distinct from the p53-deficient phenotype ...

        Research

        Maternal HIV infection alters antimicrobial immunity in exposed and uninfected infants

        Implementation of lifelong ART of all HIV-infected women has the potential to improve maternal determinants of protective immunity in the young infant ...

        Research

        Difficulties in developmental follow-up of preterm neonates in a randomised-controlled trial

        Probiotics may be neuroprotective for preterm neonates due to their anti-inflammatory effects and ability to facilitate nutrition. AIM: To assess long-term effects of early probiotic supplementation on neuropsychological development in preterm infants ...

        Research

        Genome-wide association meta-analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms and symptomatic venous thromboembolism during therapy for ALL and lymphoma in caucasian children

        The largest GWAS meta-analysis conducted to date associating SNPs to venous thromboembolism in children and adolescents treated on childhood ALL protocols ...

        Research

        Facilitators and barriers to the implementation of motivational interviewing for bullying perpetration in school settings

        Results indicated a number factors which influenced the uptake of Motivational Interviewing in schools ...

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