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        Research

        Understanding the role of microbiota in cancer

        This chapter provides an update on the latest findings in the role of the gut microbiota in cancer. Herein we discuss how the composition and the diversity of the gut microbiota result in the latter to function as a tumour-suppressor, a tumour-promoter or an aid in the recovery post cancer treatment. © 2023 John Wiley & Sons Ltd. All rights reserved. ...

        Research

        Language Development

        Language is one of the most remarkable developmental accomplishments of early childhood. Language connects us with others and is an essential tool for literacy, education, employment and lifelong learning. ...

        Research

        Protocol for delivery of intraoperative immunotherapy to mice by surgical debulking of subcutaneous tumors

        Pre-clinical studies developing novel therapies to prevent cancer recurrence require appropriate surgical models. Here, we present a protocol for surgical debulking of subcutaneous tumors in mice, which allows for intraoperative application of immunotherapy-loaded biomaterials.  ...

        Research

        The effects of sleep duration on child health and development

        Children and adolescents spend more than one-third of their time sleeping. Yet, we know little about the causal impact of sleeping on their development. This paper is the first to exploit variation in local daily daylight duration measured on pre-determined diary dates across the same individuals through time as an instrument in an individual fixed effects regression model to draw causal estimates of sleep duration on a comprehensive set of child development indicators.  ...

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        Insights into the Clinical, Biological and Therapeutic Impact of Copy Number Alteration in Cancer

        Copy number alterations (CNAs), resulting from the gain or loss of genetic material from as little as 50 base pairs or as big as entire chromosome(s), have been associated with many congenital diseases, de novo syndromes and cancer. It is established that CNAs disturb the dosage of genomic regions including enhancers/promoters, long non-coding RNA and gene(s) among others, ultimately leading to an altered balance of key cellular functions. ...

        Research

        Invasive fungal disease in children with solid tumors: An Australian multicenter 10-year review

        Invasive fungal disease (IFD) occurs less frequently during treatment for solid compared to hematological malignancies in children, and risk groups are poorly defined. Retrospective national multicenter cohort data (2004-2013) were analyzed to document prevalence, clinical characteristics, and microbiology of IFD. ...

        Research

        Antibiotics for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in children with neurodisability: Systematic review

        Determine the optimal antibiotic choice for lower respiratory tract infection in children with neurodisability.  ...

        Research

        Recombinational exchange of M-fibril and T-pilus genes generates extensive cell surface diversity in the global group A Streptococcus population

        Among genes present in all group A streptococci (GAS), those encoding M-fibril and T-pilus proteins display the highest levels of sequence diversity, giving rise to the two primary serological typing schemes historically used to define strain. A new genotyping scheme for the pilin adhesin and backbone genes is developed and, when combined with emm typing, provides an account of the global GAS strain population. ...

        Research

        Looking after bubba for all our mob: Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander community experiences and perceptions of stillbirth

        The stillbirth rate among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women and communities in Australia is around double that of non-Indigenous women. While the development of effective prevention strategies during pregnancy and improving care following stillbirth for women and families in communities has become a national priority, there has been limited progress in stillbirth disparities. With community permission, this study aimed to gain a better understanding of community experiences, perceptions, and priorities around stillbirth. ...

        Research

        2023 Australian guideline for assessing and managing cardiovascular disease risk

        The 2023 Australian guideline for assessing and managing cardiovascular disease risk provides updated evidence-based recommendations for the clinical assessment and management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk for primary prevention. It includes the new Australian CVD risk calculator based on an equation developed from a large New Zealand cohort study, customised and recalibrated for the Australian population. The new guideline replaces the 2012 guideline that recommended CVD risk assessment using the Framingham risk equation.  ...

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