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        Research

        Defining Age-specific Relationships of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Rhinovirus Species in Hospitalized Children With Acute Wheeze

        Acute wheezing is one of the most common hospital presentations for young children. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus (RV) species A, B and the more recently described species C are implicated in the majority of these presentations. However, the relative importance and age-specificities of these viruses have not been defined. ...

        Research

        Increased nasal Streptococcus pneumoniae presence in Western environment associated with allergic conditions in Chinese immigrants

        Chinese immigrants living in Australia experience increased allergic conditions: asthma, eczema, hay fever and wheeze. Recently we reported diminished innate cytokine responses in long-term immigrants, potentially increasing their pathogenic viral load and microbial carriage. We hypothesise that a Western environment changes the nasal microbiome profile, and this altered profile may be associated with the development of allergic conditions. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to examine the loading of viral and microbial respiratory pathogens in the upper airway. ...

        Research

        Group a streptococcal carriage and seroepidemiology in children up to 10 years of age in Australia.

        This study aimed to acquire nationally representative epidemiological data on GAS in Australia to scope the appropriate age for vaccination with a potential... ...

        Research

        Rule-based exposure assessment versus case-by-case expert assessment using the same information in a community-based study

        Expert assessment is often used to assess lifetime occupational exposures, but these assessments generally lack transparency and are very time-consuming. ...

        Research

        Maternal Pre-pregnancy Body Mass Index and Offspring Temperament and Behavior at 1 and 2 Years of Age

        Recent research suggests that fetal exposure to increased maternal body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy may be associated with psychopathology later in life. ...

        Research

        Distinct Streptococcus pneumoniae cause invasive disease in Papua New Guinea

        Streptococcus pneumoniae is a key contributor to childhood morbidity and mortality in Papua New Guinea (PNG). For the first time, whole genome sequencing of 174 isolates has enabled detailed characterisation of diverse S. pneumoniae causing invasive disease in young children in PNG, 1989-2014. ...

        Research

        Reviewing the Pathogenic Potential of the Otitis-Associated Bacteria Alloiococcus otitidis and Turicella otitidis

        There is insufficient evidence available to determine whether these organisms are pathogens, commensals or contribute indirectly to the pathogenesis of OM ...

        Research

        Folate Status and Neural Tube Defects in Aboriginal Australians: The Success of Mandatory Fortification in Reducing a Health Disparity

        Mandatory flour fortification with folic acid in 2009, led to further reductions in overall neural tube defects ...

        Research

        A new method of prenatal alcohol classification accounting for dose, pattern and timing of exposure:

        When examining the association between prenatal alcohol exposure and fetal effects, the timing and intensity of exposure have been ignored in epidemiological st ...

        Research

        Recording a history of alcohol use in pregnancy: an audit of knowledge, attitudes and practice at a child development service

        To assess the effectiveness of alcohol documentation and to measure the practice of health practitioners in relation to asking about alcohol and pregnancy. ...

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