High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is an established mode of respiratory support in the neonatal intensive care unit. Large clinical trial data is based on first intention use in preterm infants with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Clinical practice has evolved from this narrow population. HFOV is most often reserved for term and preterm infants with severe, and often complex, respiratory failure not responding to conventional modalities of respiratory support. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2023
• September 2023

Age-specific definitions for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are available, including a specific definition for neonates (the "Montreux definition"). The epidemiology of neonatal ARDS is unknown. The objective of this study was to describe the epidemiology, clinical course, treatment, and outcomes of neonatal ARDS. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2022
• July 2022

Children are at risk of severe hypoxemia in the perioperative period owing to their unique anatomy and physiology. Safe and effective airway management strategies are therefore key to the practice of pediatric anesthesia. The goal of this review is to highlight recent publications (2019-2021) aimed to advance pediatric airway safety and to highlight a proposed simple, pediatric-specific, universal framework to guide clinical practice. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• June 2021

Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is the result of an autoimmune response to pharyngitis caused by infection with group A Streptococcus. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2016
• January 2016

Treatments for food allergy are still lacking, yet progress is being made, and immunotherapy appears more effective than dietary avoidance. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2015
• April 2015

The salience of self-compassion offers promise for early intervention initiatives focusing on less judgmental or self-critical means of self-relation ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2019
• April 2019

Liz Martyn Milne Symons E MS MPH PhD B.A. (Hons) PhD. Honorary Emeritus Fellow Honorary Research Associate 08 6319 1672 martyn.symons@telethonkids.org.au Honorary Emeritus Fellow Postdoctoral Researcher Liz is an epidemiologist specialising in the ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Projects

Development of an instrument to assess women's perception of their entire maternity-care experience ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2016
• January 2016

The need to understand responses to extreme environments has prompted this edition of Current Opinion in Endocrine and Metabolic Research ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• April 2020

In comparisons between mutant and wild-type genotypes, transcriptome analysis can reveal the direct impacts of a mutation, together with the homeostatic responses of the biological system. Recent studies have highlighted that, when the effects of homozygosity for recessive mutations are studied in non-isogenic backgrounds, genes located proximal to the mutation on the same chromosome often appear over-represented among those genes identified as differentially expressed. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2024
• February 2024

In asthma, a significant portion of the interaction between genetics and environment occurs through microbiota. The proposed mechanisms behind this interaction are complex and at times contradictory. This review covers recent developments in our understanding of this interaction: the "microbial hypothesis" and the "farm effect"; the role of endotoxin and genetic variation in pattern recognition systems; the interaction with allergen exposure; the additional involvement of host gut and airway microbiota; the role of viral respiratory infections in interaction with the 17q21 and CDHR3 genetic loci; and the importance of in utero and early-life timing of exposures. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• March 2021

Glioblastoma is the most common form of high-grade glioma in adults and has a poor survival rate with very limited treatment options. There have been no significant advancements in glioblastoma treatment in over 30 years. Epidermal growth factor receptor is upregulated in most glioblastoma tumours and, therefore, has been a drug target in recent targeted therapy clinical trials. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2022
• November 2022