Combination vaccines containing whole-cell pertussis antigens were phased out from the Australian national immunisation programme between 1997 and 1999 and replaced by the less reactogenic acellular pertussis (aP) antigens. In a large case-control study of Australian children born during the transition period, those with allergist diagnosed IgE-mediated food allergy were less likely to have received whole-cell vaccine in early infancy than matched population controls (OR: 0.77 (95% CI, 0.62 to 0.95)). We hypothesise that a single dose of whole-cell vaccine in early infancy is protective against IgE-mediated food allergy. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• December 2020

Benzathine penicillin G (BPG) is used as first-line treatment for most forms of syphilis and as secondary prophylaxis against rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Perceptions that poor quality of BPG is linked to reported adverse effects and therapeutic failure may impact syphilis and RHD control programs. Clinical networks and web-based advertising were used to obtain vials of BPG from a wide range of countries. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• December 2020

Neutrophil elastase is a significant risk factor for structural lung disease in cystic fibrosis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa airway infection is linked with neutrophilic inflammation and substantial respiratory morbidity. We aimed to evaluate how neutrophil elastase (NE) activity changes after P. aeruginosa eradication and influences early disease outcomes. We assessed participants in the AREST CF cohort between 2000 and 2018 who had P. aeruginosa cultured from their routine annual bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and who underwent eradication treatment and a post eradication BAL. Factors associated with persistent P. aeruginosa infection, persistent neutrophilic inflammation following eradication and worse structural lung disease one year post-eradication were evaluated. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• January 2021

While maternal high fat diet compromised litter survival, it also promoted somatic and lung growth (increased lung volume) in the offspring ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2019
• January 2019

Our data associates IL-1α with early structural lung damage in CF and suggests this pathway as a novel anti-inflammatory target ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2018
• November 2018

Repurposed drugs with host-directed antiviral and immunomodulatory properties have shown promise in the treatment of COVID-19, but few trials have studied combinations of these agents. The aim of this trial was to assess the effectiveness of affordable, widely available, repurposed drugs used in combination for treatment of COVID-19, which may be particularly relevant to low-resource countries.  ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2024
• March 2024

In this study, we aimed to use microRNAs-which are critical regulators of signaling cascades-to identify so far uncharacterized asthma pathogenesis pathways ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2017
• April 2017

We hypothesized that allergic inflammation decreases the level of circulating 25(OH)D and tested this using a mice model of house dust mite (HDM) induced... ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2014
• November 2014

Adequate Zn and Mg intakes may be beneficial for the prevention and treatment of mental health problems, such as depression, anxiety and attention-deficit... ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2015
• July 2015

The present study investigated whether lung function measured by forced oscillation technique would be impaired in the presence of infection,... ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2015
• September 2015

This study aimed to measure the effectiveness of three interventions designed to increase the duration of breastfeeding among new parents in urban areas. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2015
• August 2015

The prevalence of mental disorders in children and adolescents in Australia, and the severity and impact of those mental disorders ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2016
• September 2016