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        An archetypes approach to malaria intervention impact mapping: a new framework and example application

        As both mechanistic and geospatial malaria modeling methods become more integrated into malaria policy decisions, there is increasing demand for strategies that combine these two methods. This paper introduces a novel archetypes-based methodology for generating high-resolution intervention impact maps based on mechanistic model simulations. An example configuration of the framework is described and explored. ...

        Research

        A novel transcriptional signature identifies T-cell infiltration in high-risk paediatric cancer

        Molecular profiling of the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) has enabled the rational choice of immunotherapies in some adult cancers. In contrast, the TIME of paediatric cancers is relatively unexplored. We speculated that a more refined appreciation of the TIME in childhood cancers, rather than a reliance on commonly used biomarkers such as tumour mutation burden (TMB), neoantigen load and PD-L1 expression, is an essential prerequisite for improved immunotherapies in childhood solid cancers. ...

        Research

        “It just Sends the Message that you’re Nothing but your body” a Qualitative Exploration of Adolescent Girls’ Perceptions of Sexualized Images on Social Media

        This qualitative study used in-depth interviews to explore adolescent girls’ perceptions of sexualized images they typically find when using social media. Twenty-four participants aged 14–17 years described sexualized images of females as normalized on social media. The interplay between gendered and social norms that endorsed and rewarded girls for posting sexualized images was seen to influence an expectation for girls to conform with their peers and post such images of themselves. ...

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        Experiences and Attitudes of Parents Reducing Carbohydrate Intake in the Management of Their Child’s Type 1 Diabetes: A Qualitative Study

        Reducing carbohydrate (CHO) intake is being used as an approach to manage type 1 diabetes (T1D) in children. This study aimed to investigate the experiences and attitudes of parents of children with T1D who are reducing CHO intake to help manage blood glucose levels. ...

        Research

        Public stigma toward prolonged grief and COVID-19 bereavement: A vignette-based experiment

        We investigated the effects of cause of death and the presence of prolonged grief disorder on eliciting public stigma toward the bereaved. ...

        Research

        Modeling COVID-19 disease processes by remote elicitation of causal Bayesian networks from medical experts

        COVID-19 is a new multi-organ disease causing considerable worldwide morbidity and mortality. While many recognized pathophysiological mechanisms are involved, their exact causal relationships remain opaque. Better understanding is needed for predicting their progression, targeting therapeutic approaches, and improving patient outcomes. While many mathematical causal models describe COVID-19 epidemiology, none have described its pathophysiology. ...

        Research

        Travel-associated lineages and unique endemic antimicrobial-susceptible lineages of Neisseria gonorrhoeae predominate in Western Australia

        In Australia, gonococcal isolates are monitored for antimicrobial susceptibilities. In Western Australia, gonorrhoea notification rates increased by 63 % between 2013 and 2016, with the steepest increase occurring between 2015 and 2016, before stabilizing at this higher baseline between 2017 and 2020. This increased prevalence was associated with antimicrobial-susceptible lineages. ...

        Research

        Further investment in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men's health research funding is urgently required

        Alex Brown AB BMed, MPH, PhD, FRACP (hon.), FCSANZ, FAAHMS Professor of Indigenous Genomics +61421278314 alex.brown@anu.edu.au Professor of Indigenous Genomics Professor Alex Brown is the Professor of Indigenous Genomics at the Telethon Kids ...

        Research

        Human landing catches provide a useful measure of protective efficacy for the evaluation of volatile pyrethroid spatial repellents

        The human landing catch (HLC) method, in which human volunteers collect mosquitoes that land on them before they can bite, is used to quantify human exposure to mosquito vectors of disease. Comparing HLCs in the presence and absence of interventions such as repellents is often used to measure protective efficacy (PE). ...

        Research

        Structural modification of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkylquinoline cell–cell communication signal, HHQ, leads to benzofuranoquinolines with anti-virulence behaviour in ESKAPE pathogens

        Citation: Rossetto V, Moore-Machacek A, Woods DF, ……. O’Gara F, McGlacken GP, Jerry Reen F. Structural modification of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkylquinoline cell–cell communication signal, HHQ, leads to benzofuranoquinolines with anti-virulence ...

        Research

        Efficacy of cannabinoids in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders among children and adolescents: a systematic review

        A better understanding of the endocannabinoid system and a relaxation in regulatory control of cannabis globally has increased interest in the medicinal use of cannabinoid-based products (CBP). We provide a systematic review of the rationale and current clinical trial evidence for CBP in the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders in children and adolescents. ...

        Research

        Patient-reported outcome measures for paediatric acute lower respiratory infection studies

        Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) are recommended for capturing meaningful outcomes in clinical trials. The use of PROMs for children with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) has not been systematically reported. We aimed to identify and characterise patient-reported outcomes and PROMs used in paediatric ALRI studies and summarise their measurement properties. ...

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