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        A collaborative approach towards prevention of otitis media in Aboriginal children

        Otitis media is very common in Aboriginal children in Western Australia and chronic ear disease causes major problems in speech and language development and education. Up until recently, most programmes dealing with the problem of OM have focused on clinical interventions rather than prevention. The Enhanced Prevention Working Group was established as part of the WA Child Ear Health Strategy (2017–2021). The Group has worked collaboratively to develop a set of recommendations for prevention of OM in Aboriginal children. ...

        Research

        Beta-lactam-induced immediate hypersensitivity reactions: A genome-wide association study of a deeply phenotyped cohort

        Background: β-lactam antibiotics are associated with a variety of immune-mediated or hypersensitivity reactions, including immediate (type I) reactions mediated by antigen-specific IgE. Objective: We sought to identify genetic predisposing factors for immediate reactions to β-lactam antibiotics. ...

        Research

        Status and Potential of Single-Cell Transcriptomics for Understanding Plant Development and Functional Biology

        The advent of modern "omics" technologies (genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics) are attributed to innovative breakthroughs in genome sequencing, bioinformatics, and analytic tools. An organism's biological structure and function is the result of the concerted action of single cells in different tissues. ...

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        Expression of CYP24A1 and other multiple sclerosis risk genes in peripheral blood indicates response to vitamin D in homeostatic and inflammatory conditions

        Although genetic and epidemiological evidence indicates vitamin D insufficiency contributes to multiple sclerosis (MS), and serum levels of vitamin D increase on treatment with cholecalciferol, recent metanalyses indicate that this vitamin D form does not ameliorate disease. Genetic variation in genes regulating vitamin D, and regulated by vitamin D, affect MS risk. ...

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        Simplified bedside assessment of pulmonary gas exchange in very preterm infants at 36 weeks' postmenstrual age

        We aimed to develop and validate a prediction table for a simplified measure of rightward shift of the fetal oxyhaemoglobin saturation (SpO2) versus inspired oxygen pressure (P IO2) curve as an objective marker of lung disease severity in very preterm infants, independent of unit altitude or oxygen prescribing policies. ...

        Research

        Editorial overview: The physiology of the diseased lung

        Alexander Larcombe A BScEnv (Hons) PhD Team Leader, Respiratory Environmental Health Team Leader, Respiratory Environmental Health Associate Professor Alexander Larcombe began work at the Telethon Institute in 2005 and is now a Senior Research ...

        Research

        Meal-time glycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes using multiple daily injections vs insulin pump therapy following carbohydrate-counting education and bolus calculator provision

        To compare meal-time glycaemia in adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus managed with multiple daily injections vs. insulin pump therapy, using self-monitoring blood glucose, following diabetes education. ...

        Research

        Findings from the Kids in Communities Study (KiCS): A mixed methods study examining community-level influences on early childhood development

        There is increasing international interest in place-based approaches to improve early childhood development (ECD) outcomes. The available data and evidence are limited and precludes well informed policy and practice change. Developing the evidence-base for community-level effects on ECD is one way to facilitate more informed and targeted community action. ...

        Research

        Spatial prediction of malaria prevalence in Papua New Guinea: a comparison of Bayesian decision network and multivariate regression modelling approaches for improved accuracy in prevalence prediction

        Considerable progress towards controlling malaria has been made in Papua New Guinea through the national malaria control programme's free distribution of long-lasting insecticidal nets, improved diagnosis with rapid diagnostic tests and improved access to artemisinin combination therapy. Predictive prevalence maps can help to inform targeted interventions and monitor changes in malaria epidemiology over time as control efforts continue. ...

        Research

        WALLABY Pilot Survey: The Diversity of Ram Pressure Stripping of the Galactic HI Gas in the Hydra Cluster

        This study uses H i image data from the Widefield ASKAP L-band Legacy All-sky Blind surveY (WALLABY) pilot survey with the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope, covering the Hydra cluster out to 2.5r 200. We present the projected phase-space distribution of H i-detected galaxies in Hydra, and identify that nearly two-thirds of the galaxies within 1.25r200 may be in the early stages of ram pressure stripping. ...

        Research

        Cannabidiol for at risk for psychosis youth: A randomized controlled trial

        No biological treatment has been firmly established for the at-risk stage of psychotic disorder. In this study we aim to test if subthreshold psychotic symptoms can be effectively treated with cannabidiol (CBD), a non-psychoactive compound of the plant Cannabis sativa. ...

        Research

        Toxoplasma gondii, Herpesviridae and long-term risk of transition to first-episode psychosis in an ultra high-risk sample

        Ultra high-risk (UHR) criteria were introduced to identify people at imminent risk of developing psychosis. To improve prognostic accuracy, additional clinical and biological risk factors have been researched. ...

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