The bone marrow is a specialised niche responsible for the maintenance of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells during homeostasis and inflammation. Recent studies however have extended this essential role to the extramedullary and extravascular lung microenvironment. Here, we provide further evidence for a reservoir of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells within the lung from embryonic day 18.5 until adulthood. ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2024
• April 2024

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. RSV seasonality was disrupted by COVID-19-associated nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). We review RSV seasonality, molecular epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and community awareness to inform future prevention strategies.  ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2023
• December 2023

Asthma is among the commonest noncommunicable diseases of childhood and often occurs with other atopic comorbidities. A previous case-control study found evidence that compared to children who received acellular pertussis (aP) vaccines in early infancy, children who received one or more doses of whole-cell pertussis (wP) vaccine had lower risk of developing IgE-mediated food allergy. We hypothesized that wP vaccination in early infancy might protect against atopic asthma in childhood.  ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2023
• October 2023

The World Health Organization published the preferred product characteristics for a Group A Streptococcus (Strep A) vaccine in 2018. Based on these parameters for the age of vaccination, vaccine efficacy, duration of protection from vaccine-derived immunity, and vaccination coverage, we developed a static cohort model to estimate the projected health impact of Strep A vaccination at the global, regional, and national levels and by country-income category. ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2023
• Jun 2023

Children with comorbidities are at greater risk of severe influenza outcomes compared with healthy children. In Australia, influenza vaccination was funded for those with comorbidities from 2010 and all children aged <5 years from 2018. Influenza vaccine coverage remains inadequate in children with and without comorbidities. ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2022
• March 2022

Children globally have been profoundly impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This review explores the direct and indirect public health impacts of COVID-19 on children. We discuss in detail the transmission dynamics, vaccination strategies and, importantly, the ‘shadow pandemic’, encompassing underappreciated indirect impacts of the pandemic on children. ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2022
• January 2022

The suboptimal sensitivity and specificity of available diagnostic methods for scabies hampers clinical management, trials of new therapies and epidemiologic studies. Additionally, parasitologic diagnosis by microscopic examination of skin scrapings requires sample collection with a sharp scalpel blade, causing discomfort to patients and difficulty in children. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based diagnostic assays, combined with non-invasive sampling methods, represent an attractive approach. ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• February 2021

The monoclonal antibody, palivizumab is licensed for use in high-risk infants to prevent severe illness caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). The level of its use and compliance with current jurisdictional guidelines which were amended in 2010, is unknown. ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• October 2020

We write this perspective to raise awareness of antimicrobial resistance as an issue in Indigenous primary health care ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2019
• July 2019

Scabies and impetigo are common in Timor-Leste, with very high prevalence of scabies in the rural district of Ermera ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2018
• May 2018

We outline the processes involved in conducting a Proof of Concept data linkage project including the implementation of national data integration principles ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2016
• January 2016

Influenza is major cause of paediatric hospitalisation. Influenza vaccine was offered to all children aged 6-59 months resident in Western Australia in 2008 ...

• Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2010
• July 2010