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        A health inequality analysis of childhood asthma prevalence in urban Australia

        Long-standing health inequalities in Australian society that were exposed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic were described as "fault lines" in a recent call to action by a consortium of philanthropic organizations. With asthma a major contributor to childhood disease burden, studies of its spatial epidemiology can provide valuable insights into the emergence of health inequalities early in life. ...

        Research

        Trajectories of homelessness and association with mental health and substance use disorders among young people transitioning from out-of-home care in Australia

        Researchers have examined sub-groups that may exist among young people transitioning from out-of-home care (OHC) using various theoretical models. However, this population group has not been examined for trajectories of homelessness risk. ...

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        Investigating the impact of autistic children's feeding difficulties on caregivers

        The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of children's autism characteristics, sensory profiles and feeding difficulties on caregiver-reported impact at mealtimes. ...

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        Cumulative incidence of child protection system contacts among a cohort of Western Australian Aboriginal children born 2000 to 2013

        Reducing the over-representation of Aboriginal children in the child protection system is a key target for the Australian government. We aimed to provide more recent evidence on the population-level cumulative incidence of contacts for Aboriginal children with child protective services in Western Australia. ...

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        Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of Maternal Prebiotic Fibre Dietary Supplementation from Mid-Pregnancy to Six Months’ Post-Partum on Child Allergic Disease Outcomes

        Infant allergy is the most common early manifestation of an increasing propensity for inflammation and immune dysregulation in modern environments. Refined low-fibre diets are a major risk for inflammatory diseases through adverse effects on the composition and function of gut microbiota. This has focused attention on the potential of prebiotic dietary fibres to favourably change gut microbiota, for local and systemic anti-inflammatory effects. ...

        Research

        Young people with prior health service contacts have increased risk of repeated alcohol-related harm hospitalisations

        After a first alcohol-related hospitalisation in youth, subsequent hospitalisations may demonstrate an increased risk of further alcohol-related hospitalisations, but there is no existing data on this. ...

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        Temporally restricted activation of IFNβ signaling determines response to immune checkpoint therapy

        The biological determinants of the response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) in cancer remain incompletely understood. Little is known about dynamic biological events that underpin therapeutic efficacy due to the inability to frequently sample tumours in patients. ...

        Research

        IRF7-Associated Immunophenotypes Have Dichotomous Responses to Virus/Allergen Coexposure and OM-85-Induced Reprogramming

        High risk for virus-induced asthma exacerbations in children is associated with an IRF7lo immunophenotype, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, we applied a Systems Biology approach to an animal model comprising rat strains manifesting high versus low susceptibility to experimental asthma, induced by virus/allergen coexposure, to elucidate the mechanism(s)-of-action of the high-risk asthma immunophenotype. ...

        Research

        Transplacental immune modulation with a bacterial-derived agent protects against allergic airway inflammation

        These data provide proof of concept supporting the rationale for developing transplacental immune reprogramming approaches for primary disease prevention ...

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        Whither pertussis?

        This article discusses the rising prevalence of pertussis disease in countries which have switched to acellular vaccines. ...

        Research

        SToP (See, Treat, Prevent) skin sores and scabies trial: study protocol for a cluster randomised, stepped-wedge trial for skin disease control in remote Western Australia

        Skin infection burden in remote Aboriginal communities can be reduced by the See, Treat, Prevent (SToP skin sores and scabies) trial ...

        Research

        Conceptualizing a quality of life framework for girls with Rett syndrome using qualitative methods

        Existing quality of life scales for children in the general population or with other disabilities did not capture the QOL of children with Rett syndrome ...

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