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        State transitions across the Strep A disease spectrum: scoping review and evidence gaps

        The spectrum of diseases caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) ranges from superficial to serious life-threatening invasive infections. We conducted a scoping review of published articles between 1980 and 2021 to synthesize evidence of state transitions across the Strep A disease spectrum. We identified 175 articles reporting 262 distinct observations of Strep A disease state transitions. ...

        Research

        CD4+ T cell immunity against cutaneous melanoma encompasses multifaceted MHC II-dependent responses

        Whereas CD4+ T cells conventionally mediate antitumor immunity by providing help to CD8+ T cells, recent clinical studies have implied an important role for cytotoxic CD4+ T cells in cancer immunity. Using an orthotopic melanoma model, we provide a detailed account of antitumoral CD4+ T cell responses and their regulation by major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC II) in the skin. ...

        Research

        Ngulluk Moort, Ngulluk Boodja, Ngulluk Wirin (our family, our country, our spirit): An Aboriginal Participatory Action Research study protocol

        Globally, Indigenous children have historical and contemporary connections with government child protection services that have caused significant harm to their long-term health and wellbeing. Innovative, culturally secure and recovery focussed service provision is required. ...

        Research

        Screen Time and Parent-Child Talk When Children Are Aged 12 to 36 Months

        Growing up in a language-rich home environment is important for children's language development in the early years. The concept of "technoference" (technology-based interference) suggests that screen time may be interfering with opportunities for talk and interactions between parent and child; however, limited longitudinal evidence exists exploring this association.  ...

        Research

        A phase I clinical trial assessing the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of inhaled ethanol in humans as a potential treatment for respiratory tract infections

        Current treatments for respiratory infections are severely limited. Ethanol's unique properties including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and surfactant-like activity make it a promising candidate treatment for respiratory infections if it can be delivered safely to the airway by inhalation. Here, we explore the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of inhaled ethanol in a phase I clinical trial. ...

        Research

        Design and selection of drug properties to increase the public health impact of next-generation seasonal malaria chemoprevention: a modelling study

        Seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) is recommended for disease control in settings with moderate to high Plasmodium falciparum transmission and currently depends on the administration of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine.  ...

        Research

        Non-severe thermal burn injuries induce long-lasting downregulation of gene expression in cortical excitatory neurons and microglia

        Burn injuries are devastating traumas, often leading to life-long consequences that extend beyond the observable burn scar. In the context of the nervous system, burn injury patients commonly develop chronic neurological disorders and have been suggested to have impaired motor cortex function, but the long-lasting impact on neurons and glia in the brain is unknown. ...

        Research

        A health inequality analysis of childhood asthma prevalence in urban Australia

        Long-standing health inequalities in Australian society that were exposed by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic were described as "fault lines" in a recent call to action by a consortium of philanthropic organizations. With asthma a major contributor to childhood disease burden, studies of its spatial epidemiology can provide valuable insights into the emergence of health inequalities early in life. ...

        Research

        PI3K/mTOR is a therapeutically targetable genetic dependency in diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma

        Diffuse midline glioma (DMG), including tumors diagnosed in the brainstem (diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma; DIPG), are uniformly fatal brain tumors that lack effective treatment. ...

        Research

        Financial toxicity of informal caregivers of colorectal cancer patients: A cross-sectional study

        To assess the level of financial toxicity of informal caregivers of colorectal cancer patients and explore the related key influencing factors. ...

        Research

        Editorial: Vaccines and immunization services during the pandemic era and beyond

        Citation: Amponsah-Dacosta E, Fulurija A, Afum-Adjei Awuah A, Mathema S, Wariri O. Editorial: Vaccines and immunization services during the pandemic era and beyond. Front Health Serv. 2024;4. Keywords: COVID-19; equity; immunization; pandemic; ...

        Research

        Airway management in neonates and infants: Recommendations according to the ESAIC/BJA guidelines

        Securing an airway enables the oxygenation and ventilation of the lungs and is a potentially life-saving medical procedure. Adverse and critical events are common during airway management, particularly in neonates and infants. The multifactorial reasons for this include patient-dependent, user-dependent and also external factors. ...

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