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        Research

        Is sport an untapped resource for recovery from first episode psychosis? A narrative review and call to action

        Sport-based interventions could be an opportunity to provide intervention to individuals recovering from their first psychotic episode ...

        Research

        Prenatal origins and health outcomes of male reproductive congenital anomalies diagnosed at birth and testicular cancer in adulthood

        Liz Milne E MPH PhD Honorary Emeritus Fellow Honorary Emeritus Fellow Liz is an epidemiologist specialising in the aetiology and prevention of childhood cancers and other chronic diseases. For over a decade, her research has had a strong focus on ...

        Research

        Psychometric properties of the Perth emotional labour scale: Preliminary support for a new measure with theoretical implications

        Emotional labour is the process by which people regulate emotions congruently with occupational requirements. Research consistently links emotional labour to greater levels of burnout. However, we argue this literature is potentially confounded by measurement error. ...

        Research

        Vitamin D and parathyroid hormone in insulin resistance of abdominal obesity: Cause or effect?

        The objective was to examine whether there were causal links between vitamin D status, parathyroid hormone, insulin resistance. ...

        Research

        Perinatal outcomes of Aboriginal women with mental health disorders

        Maternal mental disorders have been associated with adverse perinatal outcomes such as low birthweight and preterm birth, although these links have been examined rarely among Australian Aboriginal populations. We aimed to evaluate the association between maternal mental disorders and adverse perinatal outcomes among Aboriginal births. ...

        Research

        Developmental vitamin D deficiency increases foetal exposure to testosterone

        Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a group of neurodevelopmental disorders which are more common in males. The 'prenatal sex steroid' hypothesis links excessive sex-steroid exposure during foetal life with the behavioural differences observed in ASD. However, the reason why sex steroid exposure may be excessive remains unclear. Epidemiological studies have identified several environmental risk factors associated with ASD, including developmental vitamin D (DVD) deficiency. ...

        Research

        Immuno-epigenomic analysis identifies attenuated interferon responses in naïve CD4 T cells of adolescents with peanut and multi-food allergy

        IgE-mediated food allergies have been linked to suboptimal naïve CD4 T (nCD4T) cell activation in infancy, underlined by epigenetic and transcriptomic variation. Similar attenuated nCD4T cell activation in adolescents with food allergy have also been reported, but these are yet to be linked to specific epigenetic or transcriptional changes. ...

        Research

        Adiposity associated DNA methylation signatures in adolescents are related to leptin and perinatal factors

        Epigenetics links perinatal influences with later obesity. We identifed differentially methylated CpG (dmCpG) loci measured at 17 years associated with concurrent adiposity measures and examined whether these were associated with hsCRP, adipokines, and early life environmental factors. Genome-wide DNA methylation from 1192 Raine Study participants at 17 years, identified 29 dmCpGs associated with body mass index, 10 with waist circumference and 9 with subcutaneous fat thickness. ...

        Research

        The use of language in autism research

        The past three decades have seen a major shift in our understanding of the strong links between autism and identity. These developments have called for careful consideration of the language used to describe autism. ...

        Research

        Subgroups of Temperament Associated with Social-Emotional Difficulties in Infants with Early Signs of Autism

        Links between temperament and social-emotional difficulties are well-established in normative child development but remain poorly characterized in autism. We sought to characterize distinct temperament subgroups and their associations with concurrent internalizing and externalizing symptoms in a sample of 103 infants showing early signs of autism. ...

        Research

        Respiratory infection- and asthma-prone, low vaccine responder children demonstrate distinct mononuclear cell DNA methylation pathways

        nfants with frequent viral and bacterial respiratory infections exhibit compromised immunity to routine immunizations. They are also more likely to develop chronic respiratory diseases in later childhood. This study investigated the feasibility of epigenetic profiling to reveal endotype-specific molecular pathways with potential for early identification and immuno-modulation.  ...

        Research

        Children of Asian ethnicity in Australia have higher risk of food allergy and early-onset eczema than those in Singapore

        In Western countries, Asian children have higher food allergy risk than Caucasian children. The early-life environmental exposures for this discrepancy are unclear. We aimed to compare prevalence of food allergy and associated risk factors between Asian children in Singapore and Australia. ...

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