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        241-252 of 403 results for '2024'

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        Record linkage study of the pathogen-specific burden of respiratory viruses in children

        Reliance on hospital discharge diagnosis codes alone will likely underestimate the burden of respiratory viruses ...

        Research

        Advances in Vaccines to Prevent Viral Respiratory Illnesses in Children

        Childhood vaccination has played a critical role in the reduction of morbidity and mortality from communicable diseases, including specific respiratory pathogens ...

        Research

        Evaluating the role of asymptomatic throat carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes in impetigo transmission in remote Aboriginal communities in Northern Territory, Australia: a retrospective genomic analysis

        Streptococcus pyogenes, or group A Streptococcus (GAS), infections contribute to a high burden of disease in Aboriginal Australians, causing skin infections and immune sequelae such as rheumatic heart disease. Controlling skin infections in these populations has proven difficult, with transmission dynamics being poorly understood. We aimed to identify the relative contributions of impetigo and asymptomatic throat carriage to GAS transmission. ...

        Research

        Clinical predictors of hypoxic pneumonia in children from the Eastern Highlands Province, Papua New Guinea: secondary analysis of two prospective observational studies

        Pneumonia is the leading cause of death in young children globally and is prevalent in the Papua New Guinea highlands. We investigated clinical predictors of hypoxic pneumonia to inform local treatment guidelines in this resource-limited setting. ...

        Research

        Prevalence of respiratory viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

        Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with community-acquired pneumonia but prevalence estimates vary substantially. We aimed to systematically review and pool estimates for 22 viruses commonly associated with community-acquired pneumonia. ...

        Research

        Starting the SToP trial: Lessons from a collaborative recruitment approach

        Recruitment in research can be challenging in Australian Aboriginal contexts. We aimed to evaluate the SToP (See, Treat, Prevent skin infections) trial recruitment approach for Aboriginal families to identify barriers and facilitators and understand the utility of the visual resource used. ...

        Research

        Re-examining Hepatitis B Postexposure Prophylaxis Following Pediatric Community-acquired Needle-stick Injury in an Era of a National Immunization Registry

        Long-term hepatitis B immunity has been demonstrated following the completion of the primary vaccination series in childhood. Some guidelines recommend a hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) directed approach following community-acquired needle-stick injury (CANSI) to inform hepatitis B postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) management. ...

        Research

        Honey as a potential topical treatment for skin infections: a literature review

        Asha Glenn Marianne Bowen Pearson Mullane AC G MM BA MBBS DCH FRACP PhD GAICD OAM BA (Education) PhD Candidate BSc (OT) Head, Healthy Skin and ARF Prevention Director of First Nations Strategy and Leadership Program Advisor, SToP Trial ...

        Research

        Caregiver’s attitudes, beliefs, and experiences for influenza vaccination in Australian children with medical comorbidities

        Influenza vaccination recommendation by children’s hospital physicians and previous vaccine receipt in hospital was associated with vaccine uptake ...

        Research

        The Collaboration for Increasing Influenza Vaccination in Children (CIIVIC): a meeting report

        The burden of seasonal influenza disease in Australian children is substantial, especially for those with medical comorbidities including chronic cardiac, respiratory, neurological and immunosuppressive conditions. Influenza is more likely to be severe in children with comorbidities compared to previously healthy children (e.g. more frequent and longer hospitalisation, more frequent intensive care unit admission and requiring respiratory support). Direct protection against influenza by vaccination is critical for children with comorbidities and remains the most effective tool for influenza prevention. ...

        Research

        The Interseasonal Resurgence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Australian Children Following the Reduction of Coronavirus Disease 2019-Related Public

        Following the end of winter, there has been a persistent absence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 community transmission and no increase in influenza detections. Limited physical distancing measures have remained in place, with largely no restrictions on gathering sizes and no mandate for wearing masks. ...

        Research

        The inequitable burden of group A streptococcal diseases in Indigenous Australians

        Given the ongoing mortality and morbidity from GAS infections, we must address more effectively the treatment and prevention of GAS impetigo and pharyngitis ...

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