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        Associations between sun exposure, skin pH, and epidermal permeability in pregnancy: A longitudinal observational study

        Little is known about how sun exposure may affect the maternal skin barrier during pregnancy when many hormonal and physiological changes occur. In this longitudinal observational study, 50 pregnant women were recruited at 18-24 weeks' gestation, 25 in summer-autumn, and 25 in winter-spring. At three time points in pregnancy at 18-24, 28-30, and 36-38 weeks' gestation, participants completed a validated sun exposure questionnaire and had skin permeability and surface pH measured on the volar forearm. ...

        Research

        Study Protocol for a Randomised Controlled Trial Investigating the Effects of Maternal Prebiotic Fibre Dietary Supplementation from Mid-Pregnancy to Six Months’ Post-Partum on Child Allergic Disease Outcomes

        Infant allergy is the most common early manifestation of an increasing propensity for inflammation and immune dysregulation in modern environments. Refined low-fibre diets are a major risk for inflammatory diseases through adverse effects on the composition and function of gut microbiota. This has focused attention on the potential of prebiotic dietary fibres to favourably change gut microbiota, for local and systemic anti-inflammatory effects. ...

        Research

        Maternal dietary intake in pregnancy and lactation and allergic disease outcomes in offspring

        As the prevalence of allergic disease dramatically rises worldwide, prevention strategies are increasingly being considered. ...

        Research

        Early life nutrition and the opportunity to influence long-term health: an Australasian perspective

        There is significant data to support the hypothesis that early life nutrition in the fetus, infant and young child can have profound effects on long-term health ...

        Research

        Fish oil supplementation in early infancy modulates developing infant immune responses

        Maternal fish oil supplementation during pregnancy has been associated with altered infant immune responses and a reduced risk of infant sensitization and... ...

        Research

        Comparison of neonatal T regulatory cell function in Papua New Guinean and Australian newborns

        We compared neonatal T reg from children born in western conditions (Australia) with those of neonates born in high microbial conditions (Papua New Guinea)... ...

        Research

        Changes to the Gut Microbiome in Young Children Showing Early Behavioral Signs of Autism

        The human gut microbiome has increasingly been associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), which is a neurological developmental disorder, characterized by impairments to social interaction. ...

        Research

        Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial evaluating the effect of folic acid supplementation beyond the first trimester on maternal plasma unmetabolised folic acid in late gestation

        Taking folic acid containing supplements prior to and during early pregnancy reduces the risk of neural tube defects. Neural tube defects occur prior to 28 days postconception, after which, there is no proven benefit of continuing to take folic acid. However, many women continue to take folic acid containing supplements throughout the pregnancy. ...

        Research

        Longitudinal egg-specific regulatory T- and B-cell development: Insights from primary prevention clinical trials examining the timing of egg introduction

        Egg allergy affects almost 1 in 10 Australian infants. Early egg introduction has been associated with a reduced risk in developing egg allergy; however, the immune mechanisms underlying this protection remain unclear. ...

        Research

        A role for early oral exposure to house dust mite allergens through breast milk in IgE-mediated food allergy susceptibility

        This study highlights an unpredicted potential risk factor for the development of food allergy, that is, D pteronyssinus allergens in breast milk ...

        Research

        Pre-and Postnatal Vitamin D Status and Allergy Outcomes in Early Childhood

        The dramatic increase in the prevalence of allergic disease in recent decades reflects environmental and behavioural changes that have altered patterns of early immune development. The very early onset of allergic diseases points to the specific vulnerability of the developing immune system to environmental changes and the development of primary intervention strategies is crucial to address this unparalleled burden. ...

        Research

        Sensitizing and Th2 Adjuvant Activity of Cysteine Protease Allergens

        Here, we report on a model that does not use Th2-skewing adjuvants and yet achieves sensitization solely via the nasal mucosa. ...

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