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        Characteristics of non-Aboriginal and Aboriginal children and families with substantiated child maltreatment

        To investigate specific child and parental factors associated with increased vulnerability to substantiated child maltreatment. ...

        Research

        COCOON: Virus transmission, immunity, and family wellbeing during COVID-19

        Asha Desiree Stephen Susan Bowen Silva Stick Prescott AC DS SM SL BA MBBS DCH FRACP PhD GAICD OAM MBBS, FRACP, MPH, PhD MB BChir PhD MRCP FRACP MBBS BMedSci PhD FRACP Head, Healthy Skin and ARF Prevention Co-Head, The ORIGINS Project Head, P4 ...

        Research

        Antibiotics for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections in children with neurodisability: Systematic review

        Determine the optimal antibiotic choice for lower respiratory tract infection in children with neurodisability.  ...

        Research

        Indigenous compared with non-Indigenous Australian patients at entry to specialist palliative care: Cross-sectional findings from a multi-jurisdictional dataset

        Indigenous patients are substantially underrepresented in care by services participating in the nationwide specialist palliative care ...

        Research

        Macrophage PD-1 associates with neutrophilia and reduced bacterial killing in early cystic fibrosis airway disease

        Macrophages are the major resident immune cells in human airways coordinating responses to infection and injury. In cystic fibrosis, neutrophils are recruited to the airways shortly after birth, and actively exocytose damaging enzymes prior to chronic infection, suggesting a potential defect in macrophage immunomodulatory function. ...

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        Bacteriophage: A new therapeutic player to combat neutrophilic inflammation in chronic airway diseases

        Persistent respiratory bacterial infections are a clinical burden in several chronic inflammatory airway diseases and are often associated with neutrophil infiltration into the lungs. Following recruitment, dysregulated neutrophil effector functions such as increased granule release and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) result in damage to airway tissue, contributing to the progression of lung disease. ...

        Research

        Use of administrative record linkage to examine patterns of universal early childhood health and education service use from birth to Kindergarten (age 4 years) and developmental vulnerability in the Preparatory Year (age 5 years) in Tasmania, Australia

        In Australia, the health and education sectors provide universal early childhood services for the same population of children. Therefore, there is a strong imperative to view service use and outcomes through a cross-sectoral lens to better understand and address the service needs of young children and their families. ...

        Research

        Parental Perspectives on Children’s School Readiness: An Ethnographic Study

        School readiness is a construct used by educators and policy makers to describe a range of abilities that are beneficial for children transitioning to school. The association of socioeconomic disadvantage with developmental vulnerability when children start school is well established. Parents play a crucial role in supporting children’s transition to school and are acknowledged as their child’s first and foremost teacher. ...

        Research

        Wise Ancestors, Good Ancestors: Why Mindfulness Matters in the Promotion of Planetary Health

        The concept of planetary health blurs the artificial lines between health at scales of person, place, and planet. It emphasizes the interconnected grand challenges of our time, and underscores the need for integration of biological, psychological, social, and cultural aspects of health in the modern environment. Here, in our Viewpoint article, we revisit vaccine pioneer Jonas Salk’s contention that wisdom is central to the concept of planetary health. ...

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        The impact of maternal prenatal mental health disorders on stillbirth and infant mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis

        Evidence about the association between maternal mental health disorders and stillbirth and infant mortality is limited and conflicting. We aimed to examine whether maternal prenatal mental health disorders are associated with stillbirth and/or infant mortality. MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for studies examining the association of any maternal prenatal (occurring before or during pregnancy) mental health disorder(s) and stillbirth or infant mortality. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to calculate pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The between-study heterogeneity was quantified using the I2 statistic. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the source of heterogeneity. ...

        Research

        Heritability of Specific Language Impairment and Nonspecific Language Impairment at Ages 4 and 6 Years Across Phenotypes of Speech, Language, and Nonverbal Cognition

        Nonverbal IQ is not on the same causal pathway as language impairments ...

        Research

        Healing Anthropocene Syndrome: Planetary Health Requires Remediation of the Toxic Post-Truth Environment

        The term “Anthropocene Syndrome” describes the wicked interrelated challenges of our time. We expand the discourse on positive social contagion and argue that empowerment through education can help lead to an information transformation with the aim of flourishing along every link in the person, place and planet continuum. ...

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