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        Pre- and probiotics for allergy prevention: time to revisit recommendations?

        We discuss how the choice of probiotic strains, timing and duration of administration can critically influence the outcome due to different effects on immune modulation and gut microbiota composition ...

        Research

        Antibiotic duration and timing of the switch from intravenous to oral route for bacterial infections in children: systematic review and guidelines

        Systematic review of antibiotic duration and timing of intravenous to oral switch for paediatric infectious diseases and evidence-graded recommendations ...

        Research

        Self-harm: Prevalence estimates from the second Australian Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing

        The demonstrated higher risks in young people for continued harm or possible death support the need for ongoing initiatives to reduce self-harm ...

        Research

        Long-term outcomes from acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease

        Adverse outcomes for people with acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease and the effect of comorbidities and demographic factors on these outcomes ...

        Research

        Autism Spectrum Disorder, Language Disorder, and Social (Pragmatic) Communication Disorder: Overlaps, Distinguishing Features, and Clinical Implications

        Strictly defined cases of social (pragmatic) communication disorder and specific language impairment can be distinguished from autism spectrum disorder ...

        Research

        Diagnostic evaluation for autism spectrum disorder: A survey of health professionals in Australia

        Reported practice of some professionals in Australia may not be consistent with international best practice guidelines for ASD diagnosis ...

        Research

        Health care utilization and costs for children and adults with duchenne muscular dystrophy

        The annual economic cost of DMD was found to be high, reflecting a significant socioeconomic burden, especially in boys who reach adulthood ...

        Research

        House Dust Mite Allergens: New Discoveries and Relevance to the Allergic Patient

        Recent findings on house dust allergens and their contribution to knowledge that will significantly impact current and future allergy treatments are appraised ...

        Research

        Wet Cough

        A wet cough in a child for more than four weeks could indicate infection in the lungs. The wet cough is caused by mucus in the airway. The mucus becomes infected with bacteria and causes airway inflammation that can progress to permanent lung damage known as bronchiectasis. ...

        Research

        Cohort profile: A population-based record linkage platform to address critical epidemiological evidence gaps in respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory infections

        The Western Australia (WA) Respiratory Infections Linked Data Platform is a population-based cohort established to investigate the epidemiology of RSV and other respiratory infections in children aged 0-10 years, incorporating microbiological testing patterns, hospital admissions, emergency department presentations, and socio-demographic data. ...

        Research

        Impacts on Human Movement in Australian Cities Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic

        No studies have yet examined high-resolution shifts in the spatial patterns of human movement in Australia throughout 2020 and 2021, a period coincident with the repeated enactment and removal of varied governmental restrictions aimed at reducing community transmission of SARS-CoV-2. We compared overlapping timeseries of COVID-19 pandemic-related restrictions, epidemiological data on cases and vaccination rates, and high-resolution human movement data to characterize population-level responses to the pandemic in Australian cities. ...

        Research

        Non-specific benefit of seasonal influenza vaccine on respiratory syncytial virus-hospitalisations in children: An instrumental variable approach using population-based data

        Seasonal influenza vaccine is effective against influenza hospitalisations, but little is known about non-specific effects of the vaccine on other respiratory pathogens with similar seasonal patterns. We aimed to assess the causal impact of seasonal influenza vaccine on laboratory-confirmed hospitalisations for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in children using an instrumental variable strategy. ...

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