Altered composition of gut bacteria and changes to the production of their bioactive metabolites, the short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), have been implicated in the development of multiple sclerosis (MS). However, the immunomodulatory actions of SCFAs and intermediaries in their ability to influence MS pathogenesis are uncertain. In this study, levels of serum SCFAs were correlated with immune cell abundance and phenotype as well as with other relevant serum factors in blood samples taken at first presentation of Clinically Isolated Syndrome (CIS; an early form of MS) or MS and compared to healthy controls. There was a small but significant reduction in propionate levels in the serum of patients with CIS or MS compared with healthy controls. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• March 2021

Social communication difficulties in autism spectrum disorder have been associated with poor Theory of Mind (ToM), an ability to attribute mental states to others. Interventions using humanoid robots could improve ToM that may generalize to human-human interactions. Traditionally, ToM has been measured using the Firth-Happe Animations (FHA) task which depicts interactions between two animated triangles. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• March 2021

This article provides an overview of outstanding sessions that were (co)organised by the Allied Respiratory Professionals Assembly during the European Respiratory Society International Congress 2020, which this year assumed a virtual format. The content of the sessions was mainly targeted at allied respiratory professionals, including respiratory function technologists and scientists, physiotherapists, and nurses. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• February 2021

There is increasing interest in the association between perinatal depression and diet including whether diet may have an impact on depressive symptoms and equally whether depression influences diet. Furthermore, whether pharmacological treatment of depression with antidepressant medication also may influence diet. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• March 2021

Emerging evidence suggests young children are at greater risk of COVID-19 infection than initially predicted. However, a comprehensive understanding of epidemiology of COVID-19 infection in young children under five years, the most at-risk age-group for respiratory infections, remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection in children under five years. ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2021
• February 2021

Both the Nature play and fundamental movement skills professional development programs were effective in improving educators’ self-efficacy to engage children ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• January 2020

A lifestyle intervention starting in the first-trimester pregnancy utilising e-health mode of delivery is feasible ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• January 2020

Developmental assessment of infants with fetal growth restriction was mostly comparable to those born without fetal growth restriction at 12 months ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• January 2020

We investigated the relationship between the sensitivity of hundreds of cell lines to hundreds of drugs, and the relative expression levels of the targets ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2019
• December 2019

We describe recent "omic"-level findings, and examine how these findings have been systematically integrated to generate further insight ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• January 2020

Both human and murine studies report that multiple exposures to sub-erythemal UV radiation can increase the diversity of the gut microbiome ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• January 2020

This study examined stakeholders' perceptions regarding the acceptability, usability, and dissemination of the Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines ...

• 1. Telethon Kids Institute
• Our research
• Reports and Findings
• 2020
• January 2020