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        469-480 of 1360 results for '2018'

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        Infectious complications and optimising infection prevention for children with cochlear implants

        To describe the clinical epidemiology of children receiving cochlear implants, as well as the management and outcomes of cochlear implant infections and adherence to infection prevention measures. ...

        Research

        Pertussis burden and acellular pertussis vaccine effectiveness in high risk children

        Pertussis hospitalisation is more common among infants born prematurely, who have significant comorbidities, or are Indigenous, but acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates in these sub-groups are lacking. We measured aP VE by Indigenous status, and policy-relevant categories of prematurity and comorbidity, in a population-based Australian cohort. ...

        Research

        Incidence of acute rheumatic fever in northern and western Uganda: a prospective, population-based study

        Acute rheumatic fever is infrequently diagnosed in sub-Saharan African countries despite the high prevalence of rheumatic heart disease. We aimed to determine the incidence of acute rheumatic fever in northern and western Uganda. ...

        Research

        The role of Kingella kingae in pre-school aged children with bone and joint infections

        The Pre-school Osteoarticular Infection (POI) study aimed to describe the burden of disease, epidemiology, microbiology and treatment of acute osteoarticular infections (OAI) and the role of Kingella kingae in these infections. ...

        Research

        Impact of Coronavirus Disease 2019 Public Health Measures on Detections of Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Children During the 2020 Australian Winter

        Public health measures targeting coronavirus disease 2019 have potential to impact transmission of other respiratory viruses. We found 98.0% and 99.4% reductions in respiratory syncytial virus and influenza detections, respectively, in Western Australian children through winter 2020 despite schools reopening. Border closures have likely been important in limiting external introductions. ...

        Research

        Developmental Origins of Health and Disease (DOHaD): The importance of life-course and transgenerational approaches

        With well-established evidence that early life conditions have a profound influence on lifespan and health-span, new interventional birth cohorts are examining ways to optimise health potential of individuals and communities. These are aimed at going beyond preventing disease, to the conditions that facilitate flourishing from an early age. ...

        Research

        Maternal prebiotic supplementation during pregnancy and lactation modifies the microbiome and short chain fatty acid profile of both mother and infant

        Improving maternal gut health in pregnancy and lactation is a potential strategy to improve immune and metabolic health in offspring and curtail the rising rates of inflammatory diseases linked to alterations in gut microbiota. Here, we investigate the effects of a maternal prebiotic supplement (galacto-oligosaccharides and fructo-oligosaccharides), ingested daily from <21 weeks' gestation to six months' post-partum, in a double-blinded, randomised placebo-controlled trial.  ...

        Research

        The effectiveness of maternal pertussis vaccination for protecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infants against infection, 2012–2017: a retrospective cohort study

        To evaluate the effectiveness of maternal pertussis vaccination for preventing pertussis infections in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infants under seven months of age. ...

        Research

        END RHD Community Project - Kimberley (Rheumatic Fever Strategy)

        Dylan John Jonathan Rosemary Barth Jacky Carapetis AM Wyber DB JJ JR R B.Tech, MPH, PhD AM MBBS FRACP FAFPHM PhD FAHMS MBChB MPH FRACGP PhD Postdoctoral Research Fellow / Epidemiologist Community Researcher Executive Director; Head, Strep A ...

        Research

        Kindy Readiness Project

        Desiree Jackie Lisa Susan Silva Davis Gibson Prescott DS JD LG SL MBBS, FRACP, MPH, PhD BSc (Hons) BA (Hons), MPsych, PhD MBBS BMedSci PhD FRACP Co-Head, The ORIGINS Project Co-Head, The ORIGINS Project Research Fellow, The ORIGINS Project Honorary ...

        Research

        Newborn Nasal Sampling Evaluation (NOSE) Study

        Desiree Stephen Susan Silva Stick Prescott DS SM SL MBBS, FRACP, MPH, PhD MB BChir PhD MRCP FRACP MBBS BMedSci PhD FRACP Co-Head, The ORIGINS Project Head, P4 Respiratory Health for Kids Honorary Research Fellow susan.prescott@telethonkids.org.au ...

        Research

        Prevalence of respiratory viruses in community-acquired pneumonia in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

        Respiratory viruses are increasingly detected in children with community-acquired pneumonia but prevalence estimates vary substantially. We aimed to systematically review and pool estimates for 22 viruses commonly associated with community-acquired pneumonia. ...

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