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        Impact of the “balatrine” intervention on soil-transmitted helminth infections in central Java, Indonesia: A pilot study

        The integrated BALatrine intervention was associated with a reduced incidence of soil-transmitted helminth infection ...

        Research

        Public health and economic perspectives on acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease

        Efforts to eliminate ARF and RHD in Australia over the past decade have so far been unsuccessful, but this can change ...

        Research

        A controlled human infection model of Streptococcus pyogenes pharyngitis (CHIVAS-M75): an observational, dose-finding study

        Streptococcus pyogenes is a leading cause of infection-related morbidity and mortality. A reinvigorated vaccine development effort calls for new clinically relevant human S pyogenes experimental infection models to support proof of concept evaluation of candidate vaccines. We describe the initial Controlled Human Infection for Vaccination Against S pyogenes (CHIVAS-M75) study, in which we aimed to identify a dose of emm75 S pyogenes that causes acute pharyngitis in at least 60% of volunteers when applied to the pharynx by swab. ...

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        Interferon-α2b Treatment for COVID-19

        We describe here the effects of treatment with interferon-α2b in a cohort of confirmed COVID-19 cases in Wuhan, China ...

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        Mapping Tuberculosis Prevalence in Ethiopia: Protocol for a Geospatial Meta-Analysis

        In this report, we present a protocol for a geospatial meta-analysis to investigate the spatial patterns of TB prevalence in Ethiopia ...

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        Epidemiology of COVID-19 infection in young children under five years: A systematic review and meta-analysis

        Emerging evidence suggests young children are at greater risk of COVID-19 infection than initially predicted. However, a comprehensive understanding of epidemiology of COVID-19 infection in young children under five years, the most at-risk age-group for respiratory infections, remain unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection in children under five years. ...

        Research

        Exposure to bile leads to the emergence of adaptive signaling variants in the opportunistic pathogen pseudomonas aeruginosa

        Adaptive variants of P. aeruginosa that arise following long term bile exposure enables the emergence of ecologically competitive sub-populations ...

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        Potential use of Western Australia’s mandatory Midwives Notification System for routinely monitoring antenatal vaccine coverage

        We observed low sensitivity and specificity of antenatal vaccination data in the Midwives Notification System ...

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        Lessons learned from a hospital-wide review of blood stream infections for paediatric central line-associated blood stream infection prevention

        Health care-associated bacteraemia has a significant impact on child health, exceeding the number of community-acquired bacteraemia at our hospital ...

        Research

        Production of IgG2 Antibodies to Pneumococcal Polysaccharides After Vaccination of Treated HIV Patients May Be Augmented by IL-7Rα Signaling in ICOS + Circulating T-Cells

        Our findings suggest that utilization of IL-7 by cTFH cells affects production of IgG2 antibodies to PPV23 antigens in some HIV patients ...

        Research

        Evaluation of Pediatric HIV Postexposure Prophylaxis Guideline Following Child Sexual Assault in Western Australia

        HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) following child sexual assault (CSA) is recommended in select cases. High rates of poor adherence to PEP are reported. We evaluated adherence to the recommended management of children following CSA at the tertiary pediatric facility in Western Australia and compared our approach with international guidelines. ...

        Research

        A Maximum Entropy Model of the Distribution of Dengue Serotype in Mexico

        Pathogen strain diversity is an important driver of the trajectory of epidemics. The role of bioclimatic factors on the spatial distribution of dengue virus serotypes has, however, not been previously studied. Hence, we developed municipality-scale environmental suitability maps for the four dengue virus serotypes using maximum entropy modeling. ...

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