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        OPTIMUM study protocol: an adaptive randomised controlled trial of a mixed whole-cell/acellular pertussis vaccine schedule

        Combination vaccines containing whole-cell pertussis antigens were phased out from the Australian national immunisation programme between 1997 and 1999 and replaced by the less reactogenic acellular pertussis (aP) antigens. In a large case-control study of Australian children born during the transition period, those with allergist diagnosed IgE-mediated food allergy were less likely to have received whole-cell vaccine in early infancy than matched population controls (OR: 0.77 (95% CI, 0.62 to 0.95)). We hypothesise that a single dose of whole-cell vaccine in early infancy is protective against IgE-mediated food allergy. ...

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        Detection of occult Scedosporium species in respiratory tract specimens in cystic fibrosis (CF) by use of selective media

        Respiratory samples from cystic fibrosis outpatients were cultured on Sabouraud's dextrose agar (SABD) containing antibiotics, Mycosel, and Scedosporium-sel... ...

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        Pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention during pregnancy and lactation: forget not the women and children

        The framework for appropriately identifying and managing at-risk pregnant and lactating women requiring PrEP is poorly defined ...

        Research

        Simultaneous Targeting of DNA Replication and Homologous Recombination in Glioblastoma with a Polyether Ionophore

        Our findings highlight the potential of salinomycin to induce DNA lesions and inhibit homologous recombination to greatly enhance the effect of radiotherapy ...

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        CASSETTE: Clindamycin Adjunctive therapy for Severe Staphylococcus aurEus Treatment Evaluation, a multi-centre, pilot randomised controlled trial

        Asha Tom Bowen Snelling AC T BA MBBS DCH FRACP PhD GAICD BMBS DTMH GDipClinEpid PhD FRACP Team Lead, Healthy Skin and ARF Prevention Head, Infectious Disease Implementation Research 08 6319 1817 tom.snelling@telethonkids.org.au Team Lead, Healthy ...

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        A Meta-analysis on the Role of Children in Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 in Household Transmission Clusters

        The role of children in the spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) remains highly controversial. To address this issue, we performed a meta-analysis of the published literature on household SARS-CoV-2 transmission clusters (n = 213 from 12 countries). Only 8 (3.8%) transmission clusters were identified as having a pediatric index case. ...

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        Viral etiology and the impact of codetection in young children presenting with influenza-like illness

        Children with acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI) frequently exhibit virus-virus codetection, yet the clinical significance of ARTI remains contentious. ...

        Research

        Erdosteine in children and adults with bronchiectasis (BETTER trial): study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial

        Bronchiectasis is a worldwide chronic lung disorder where exacerbations are common. It affects people of all ages, but especially Indigenous populations in high-income nations. Despite being a major contributor to chronic lung disease, there are no licensed therapies for bronchiectasis and there remain relatively few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) conducted in children and adults. ...

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        What’s inside the box? Or shall we think outside the box?

        With the deadly and highly transmissible SARS-CoV-2 virus causing the COVID-19 pandemic, there is global concern about the danger of contaminating healthcare workers (HCW), particularly during airway management of infected patients. ...

        Research

        COVID-19 implications for pediatric anesthesia: Lessons learnt and how to prepare for the next pandemic

        COVID-19 is mainly considered an “adult pandemic,” but it also has strong implications for children and consequently for pediatric anesthesia. Despite the lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infection being directly correlated with age, children have equally experienced the negative impacts of this pandemic. ...

        Research

        Anesthetic considerations in children with asthma

        Due to the high prevalence of asthma and general airway reactivity, anesthesiologists frequently encounter children with asthma or asthma-like symptoms. This review focuses on the epidemiology, the underlying pathophysiology, and perioperative management of children with airway reactivity, including controlled and uncontrolled asthma. ...

        Research

        "Capturing the magic": identifying the active ingredients of a physical activity participation intervention for children and youth with disabilities

        This study aimed to define the active ingredients of a participation-focused physical activity intervention for children and youth with disabilities. ...

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