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        Genome-Wide Analysis of Genetic Risk Factors for Rheumatic Heart Disease in Aboriginal Australians Provides Support for Pathogenic Molecular Mimicry

        Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) after group A streptococcus (GAS) infections is heritable and prevalent in Indigenous populations. Molecular mimicry between human and GAS proteins triggers proinflammatory cardiac valve-reactive T cells. ...

        Research

        Continuous glucose monitoring has an increasing role in pre-symptomatic type 1 diabetes: Advantages, limitations, and comparisons with laboratory-based testing

        Type 1 diabetes is well-recognised as a continuum heralded by the development of islet autoantibodies, progression to islet autoimmunity causing beta cell destruction, culminating in insulin deficiency and clinical disease. Abnormalities of glucose homeostasis are known to exist well before the onset of typical symptoms. ...

        Research

        Decreased occurrence of ketoacidosis and preservation of beta cell function in relatives screened and monitored for type 1 diabetes in Australia and New Zealand

        Islet autoantibody screening of infants and young children in the Northern Hemisphere, together with semi-annual metabolic monitoring, is associated with a lower risk of ketoacidosis (DKA) and improved glucose control after diagnosis of clinical (stage 3) type 1 diabetes (T1D). We aimed to determine if similar benefits applied to older Australians and New Zealanders monitored less rigorously. ...

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        Antifungal use in children with acute leukaemia: state of current evidence and directions for future research

        Invasive fungal disease (IFD) remains a common and serious complication in children treated for leukaemia. Antifungal prescription in children with leukaemia presents unique challenges, particularly due to variation in IFD risk between and within leukaemia treatment protocols, drug toxicities and interactions between antifungals and chemotherapeutic agents. ...

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        The relationship between intrauterine foetal growth trajectories and blood pressure in young adults

        Previous studies have reported an association between low birthweight and elevated blood pressure (BP) in adulthood, but few have examined the relationship between foetal growth and adult BP. ...

        Research

        Women with type 1 diabetes exhibit a progressive increase in gut Saccharomyces cerevisiae in pregnancy associated with evidence of gut inflammation

        Studies of the gut microbiome have focused on its bacterial composition. We aimed to characterize the gut fungal microbiome (mycobiome) across pregnancy in women with and without type 1 diabetes. ...

        Research

        Educational Outcomes of Children in Contact with the Child Protection System: A Longitudinal Population Study

        Melissa Fiona Helen O'Donnell Stanley Leonard M FJ HM BPsych (Hons), MPsych, GradDip Ed, PhD FAA FASSA MSc MD FFPHM FAFPHM FRACP FRANZCOG HonDSc HonDUniv HonFRACGP HonMD HonFRCPCH HonLLB (honoris causa) MBChB MPH Honorary Research Associate Patron ...

        Research

        Effective adenovirus-mediated gene transfer into neural stem cells derived from human embryonic stem cells

        Human embryonic stem cell-derived neural stem cells (hESC-NSCs) are an attractive cell type for studying ...

        Research

        Immune modulation by UV: Role of vitamin D

        In this chapter, evidence for and evidence against the involvement of vitamin D in the immunoregulatory properties of UV radiation is presented. ...

        Research

        BCG vaccination to reduce the impact of COVID-19 in healthcare workers: Protocol for a randomised controlled trial (BRACE trial)

        BCG vaccination modulates immune responses to unrelated pathogens. This off-target effect could reduce the impact of emerging pathogens. As a readily available, inexpensive intervention that has a well-established safety profile, BCG is a good candidate for protecting healthcare workers (HCWs) and other vulnerable groups against COVID-19. ...

        Research

        Development of a screening tool to identify safer biodiesels

        Alexander Anthony Larcombe Kicic A A BScEnv (Hons) PhD BSc (Hons) PhD Team Leader, Respiratory Environmental Health Rothwell Family Fellow; Head, Airway Epithelial Research Anthony.Kicic@telethonkids.org.au Team Leader, Respiratory Environmental ...

        Research

        Molecular actions of Vitamin D in reproductive cell biology

        The aim of this work is to review current metabolic and molecular aspects of the VitD-VitD receptor axis in reproductive medicine ...

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