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        517-528 of 590 results for 'aboriginal respiratory'

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        Missing Piece Study protocol: Prospective surveillance to determine the epidemiology of group A streptococcal pharyngitis and impetigo in remote Western Australia

        Group A β-haemolytic Streptococcus (GAS), a Gram-positive bacterium, causes skin, mucosal and systemic infections. Repeated GAS infections can lead to autoimmune diseases acute rheumatic fever (ARF) and rheumatic heart disease (RHD). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples in Australia have the highest rates of ARF and RHD in the world. ...

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        A Systematic Framework for Prioritizing Burden of Disease Data Required for Vaccine Development and Implementation: The Case for Group A Streptococcal Diseases

        Vaccine development and implementation decisions need to be guided by accurate and robust burden of disease data. We developed an innovative systematic framework outlining the properties of such data that are needed to advance vaccine development and evaluation, and prioritize research and surveillance activities. ...

        Research

        Standardization of Epidemiological Surveillance of Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis

        Acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis (APSGN) is an immune complex-induced glomerulonephritis that develops as a sequela of streptococcal infections. This article provides guidelines for the surveillance of APSGN due to group A Streptococcus (Strep A). The primary objectives of APSGN surveillance are to monitor trends in age- and sex-specific incidence, describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with APSGN, document accompanying risk factors, then monitor trends in frequency of complications, illness duration, hospitalization rates, and mortality. ...

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        Influenza vaccination in Western Australian children: Exploring the health benefits and cost savings of increased vaccine coverage in children

        To assess potential benefits and direct healthcare cost savings with expansion of an existing childhood influenza immunisation program, we developed a dynamic transmission model for the state of Western Australia, evaluating increasing coverage in children < 5 years and routinely immunising school-aged children. ...

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        among children with pneumonia using a causal Bayesian network

        Pneumonia remains a leading cause of hospitalization and death among young children worldwide, and the diagnostic challenge of differentiating bacterial from non-bacterial pneumonia is the main driver of antibiotic use for treating pneumonia in children. Causal Bayesian networks (BNs) serve as powerful tools for this problem as they provide clear maps of probabilistic relationships between variables and produce results in an explainable way by incorporating both domain expert knowledge and numerical data. ...

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        Influenza vaccine effectiveness against laboratory-confirmed influenza in healthy children aged 6-59 months:

        The Western Australian Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness study commenced in 2008 to evaluate a new program to provide free influenza vaccine to all children... ...

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        Genome-wide association study of IgG1 responses to the choline-binding protein PspC of Streptococcus pneumoniae

        Delayed development of antibodies to S. pneumoniae in infancy is associated with the development of atopy and asthma. ...

        Research

        Genetic and functional evidence for a locus controlling otitis media at chromosome 10q26.3

        Otitis media (OM) is a common childhood disease characterised by middle ear effusion and inflammation. ...

        Research

        Performance and Practicality of a Rapid Molecular Test for the Diagnosis of Strep A Pharyngitis in a Remote Australian Setting

        Over 5 days, 120 schoolchildren from two schools in the remote Kimberley region of Australia were screened for Strep A pharyngitis. Molecular point-of-care testing identified Strep A pharyngitis in 13/18 (72.2%) symptomatic children. The portability and feasibility of molecular point-of-care testing was highly practical for remote settings. ...

        Research

        Topical versus systemic antibiotics for chronic suppurative otitis media

        To assess the relative effectiveness of topical versus systemic antibiotics for people with chronic suppurative otitis media ...

        Research

        Standardization of Epidemiological Surveillance of Acute Rheumatic Fever

        Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a multiorgan inflammatory disorder that results from the body's autoimmune response to pharyngitis or a skin infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A). Acute rheumatic fever mainly affects those in low- and middle-income nations, as well as in indigenous populations in wealthy nations, where initial Strep A infections may go undetected. ...

        Research

        Psychometric Properties of the EQ-5D-Y-5L for Children With Intellectual Disability

        The EQ-5D-Y-5L is a generic preference-based measure of health-related quality of life for children. This study aimed to describe the distributional properties, test-retest reliability, and convergent validity of the EQ-5D-Y-5L in children with intellectual disability (ID).  ...

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