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        Acute Rheumatic Fever and Chronic Rheumatic Disease

        This chapter describes the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, and management principles of acute rheumatic fever. ...

        Research

        Polymorphisms in key innate immune genes and their effects on measles vaccine responses and vaccine failure in children from Mozambique

        Despite an effective vaccine, measles remains a major health problem globally, particularly in developing countries. More than 30% of children show primary... ...

        Research

        Prevalence of and risk factors for human rhinovirus infection in healthy aboriginal and non-aboriginal western australian children

        Human rhinovirus (HRV) species C (HRV-C) have been associated with frequent and severe acute lower respiratory infections and asthma in hospitalized children. ...

        Research

        Reduction in disparity for pneumonia hospitalisations between Australian indigenous and non-Indigenous children

        In the 1990s pneumonia hospitalisation rates in Western Australia (WA) were 13 times higher in Indigenous children than in non-Indigenous children... ...

        Research

        Safety, immunogenicity, and tolerability of meningococcal serogroup B bivalent recombinant lipoprotein 2086 vaccine in healthy

        Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B is a major cause of invasive meningococcal disease, but a broadly protective vaccine is not currently licensed. A bivalent... ...

        Research

        Febrile respiratory illnesses in infancy and atopy are risk factors for persistent asthma and wheeze

        The aim of this study was to explore associations between severe respiratory infections and atopy in early childhood with persisting wheeze and asthma. ...

        Research

        IgG Responses to Pneumococcal and Haemophilus Influenzae Protein Antigens Are Not Impaired in Children with a History of Recurrent Acute Otitis Media

        Vaccines including conserved antigens from Streptococcus pneumoniae & nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae have the potential to reduce of otitis media. ...

        Research

        Changes in thymic regulatory T-cell maturation from birth to puberty: Differences in atopic children

        We report vaccine efficacy against CIN3+ and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) in the end-of-study analysis of PATRICIA (PApilloma TRIal against Cancer In young... ...

        Research

        The role of fit testing N95/FFP2/FFP3 masks: a narrative review

        For healthcare workers performing aerosol-generating procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic, well fitted filtering facepiece respirators, for example, N95/FFP2 or N99/FFP3 masks, are recommended as part of personal protective equipment. In this review, we evaluate the role of fit checking and fit testing of respirators, in addition to airborne protection provided by respirators. Filtering facepiece respirators are made of material with sufficient high filter capacity to protect against airborne respiratory viruses. ...

        Research

        Hospital admissions for skin and soft tissue infections in a population with endemic scabies: A prospective study in Fiji, 2018-2019

        Scabies is an important predisposing factor for impetigo but its role in more serious skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) is not well understood. Information is limited on incidence of SSTIs in the presence of endemic scabies. We conducted a prospective study of hospital admissions for SSTIs in the Northern Division of Fiji (population: 131,914). Prospective surveillance for admissions with impetigo, abscess, cellulitis, wound infection, pyomyositis, necrotizing fasciitis, infected scabies, and crusted scabies was conducted at the Division's referral hospital between 2018 to 2019. Information was collected on demographic characteristics, clinical features, microbiology, treatment and outcomes. ...

        Research

        Impact of Childhood Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine on Nonnotified Clinically Suspected Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Australia

        This study provides a quantitative estimate of the total burden of invasive pneumococcal disease preventable by vaccination programs in Australia ...

        Research

        A cluster-randomised controlled trial comparing school and community-based deworming for soil transmitted helminth control in school-age children

        The first large-scale trial comparing mass and targeted deworming for soil-transmitted helminth control in South East Asia ...

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