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        Measuring early child development in low and middle income countries: Investigating the validity of the early Human Capability Index

        Inclusion of early child development in the United Nations Sustainable Development Agenda raises issues of how this goal should be monitored, particularly in low resource settings. The aim of this paper was to explore the validity of the early Human Capability Index (eHCI); a population measure designed to capture the holistic development of children aged 3-5 years. Convergent, divergent, discriminant and concurrent validity were examined by exploring the associations between eHCI domains and child (sex, age, stunting status, preschool attendance) and family (maternal education, home learning environment) characteristics. Analyses were repeated using data from seven low and middle income countries. ...

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        Developmental outcomes following vaccine-proximate febrile seizures in children

        To compare the developmental and behavioral outcomes of children experiencing an initial vaccine-proximate (VP) febrile seizure (FS) to those having a non-VP-FS (NVP-FS) and controls who have not had a seizure. ...

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        How outreach facilitates family engagement with universal early childhood health and education services in Tasmania, Australia: An ethnographic study

        This paper presents qualitative findings focusing on the scope and role of outreach in supporting family engagement in the Tasmanian early childhood services ...

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        Meta-analysis of the neural correlates of vigilant attention in children and adolescents

        Vigilant Attention (VA), defined as the ability to maintain attention to cognitively unchallenging activities over a prolonged period of time, is critical to support higher cognitive functions and many behaviours in our everyday life. Evidence has shown that VA rapidly improves throughout childhood and adolescence until young adulthood and tends to decline in older adulthood. ...

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        Linking the westernised oropharyngeal microbiome to the immune response in Chinese immigrants

        Human microbiota plays a fundamental role in modulating the immune response. Western environment and lifestyle are envisaged to alter the human microbiota with a new microbiome profile established in Chinese immigrants, which fails to prime the immune system. Here, we investigated how differences in composition of oropharyngeal microbiome may contribute to patterns of interaction between the microbiome and immune system in Chinese immigrants living in Australia. ...

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        The risk of intramuscular haematoma is low following injection of benzathine penicillin G in patients receiving concomitant anticoagulant therapy

        Our local data supports continuing intramuscular injection of BPG in patients with rheumatic heart disease receiving anticoagulant medication ...

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        Prenatal alcohol and tobacco use and the risk of depression in offspring at age of 17 years: findings from the Raine Study

        Prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposures have been associated with adverse mental health consequences in offspring. The objective of this study was to test the associations between maternal prenatal alcohol and tobacco exposures and depressive symptoms in the offspring, adjusting for a wide range of potential confounders. ...

        Research

        Tackling the Burden of Osteoarthritis as a Health Care Opportunity in Indigenous Communities-A Call to Action

        Osteoarthritis is a highly prevalent and disabling disease, causing a significant individual and socioeconomic burden worldwide. Until now, there has been a dearth of research exploring the impact of osteoarthritis in global Indigenous communities. ...

        Research

        Investigating associations between birth order and autism diagnostic phenotypes

        Birth order effects have been linked to variability in intelligence, educational attainment and sexual orientation. First- and later-born children have been linked to an increased likelihood of an Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) diagnosis, with a smaller body of evidence implicating decreases in cognitive functioning with increased birth order. The present study investigated the potential association between birth order and ASD diagnostic phenotypes in a large and representative population sample. ...

        Research

        Data Linkage: Canadian and Australian Perspectives on a Valuable Methodology for Intellectual and Developmental Disability Research

        Building data linkage capabilities, and how linked databases can be used to identify persons with IDD and used for population-based research ...

        Research

        Outcome of Infants Younger Than 1 Year With Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Treated With the Interfant-06 Protocol: Results From an International Phase III Randomized Study

        Early intensification with postinduction myeloid-type chemotherapy courses did not significantly improve outcome for infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia ...

        Research

        Moral Disengagement of Pure Bullies and Bully/Victims: Shared and Distinct Mechanisms

        This study advances bullying research by extending the role of moral disengagement in bullying episodes beyond pure bullies to victims, both pure victims and bully/victims ...

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