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        589-600 of 858 results for '2015'

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        Characterizing the risk of respiratory syncytial virus in infants with older siblings: a population-based birth cohort study

        Our results lend support to a vaccination strategy which includes family members in order to provide maximum protection for newborn babies. ...

        Research

        Early respiratory infection is associated with reduced spirometry in children with cystic fibrosis

        We hypothesized that the presence of these markers of cystic fibrosis lung disease in the first 2 years of life would be associated with reduced lung... ...

        Research

        Infant respiratory infections and later respiratory hospitalisation in childhood

        The aim of this study was to use total-population based data on an otherwise healthy population of children to assess the relationship between early... ...

        Research

        Clinical description and outcomes of Australian children with invasive group a streptococcal disease

        Invasive group A streptococcal infection in Australian children is frequently severe and has a high long-term morbidity burden ...

        Research

        Systematic assessment of tissue dissociation and storage biases in single-cell and single-nucleus RNA-seq workflows

        Systematic comparison of recovered cell types and their transcriptional profiles across the workflows has highlighted protocol-specific biase ...

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        The Use of Test-negative Controls to Monitor Vaccine Effectiveness: A Systematic Review of Methodology

        Our review highlights similarities and differences in the application of the test-negative design that deserve further examination ...

        Research

        Panel 4: Recent advances in understanding the natural history of the otitis media microbiome and its response to environmental pressures

        Advances in understanding bacterial dynamics in the upper airway microbiome are driving development of microbiota-modifying therapies to prevent or treat disease ...

        Research

        Nasopharyngeal density of respiratory viruses in childhood pneumonia in a highly vaccinated setting: findings from a case-control study

        Detection of pneumonia-causing respiratory viruses in the nasopharynx of asymptomatic children has made their actual contribution to pneumonia unclear. We compared nasopharyngeal viral density between children with and without pneumonia to understand if viral density could be used to diagnose pneumonia. ...

        Research

        Outcomes and endpoints reported in studies of pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis: A systematic review

        There is no consensus about which outcomes should be evaluated in studies of pulmonary exacerbations in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). Outcomes used for evaluation should be meaningful; that is, they should capture how people feel, function or survive and be acknowledged as important to people with CF, or should be reliable surrogates of those outcomes. We aimed to summarise the outcomes and corresponding endpoints which have been reported in studies of pulmonary exacerbations, and to identify those which are most likely to be meaningful. ...

        Research

        Characteristics of TCR Repertoire Associated With Successful Immune Checkpoint Therapy Responses

        Immunotherapies have revolutionized cancer treatment. In particular, immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) leads to durable responses in some patients with some cancers. However, the majority of treated patients do not respond. Understanding immune mechanisms that underlie responsiveness to ICT will help identify predictive biomarkers of response and develop treatments to convert non-responding patients to responding ones. ICT primarily acts at the level of adaptive immunity. The specificity of adaptive immune cells, such as T and B cells, is determined by antigen-specific receptors. ...

        Research

        Who's declining the "free lunch"? New evidence from the uptake of public child dental benefits

        This study provides the first evidence on the determinants of uptake of two recent public dental benefit programs for Australian children and adolescents from disadvantaged families. Using longitudinal data from a nationally representative survey linked to administrative data with accurate information on eligibility and uptake, we find that only a third of all eligible families actually claim their benefits. ...

        Research

        West Australian parents’ views on vaccinating their children against COVID-19: a qualitative study

        Australian children and adolescents were among the last local cohorts offered COVID-19 vaccines. Despite promising initial uptake, coverage subsequently plateaued, requiring further efforts to improve access and build parents’ recognition of the importance of COVID-19 vaccination. ...

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