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        625-636 of 1816 results for 'early childhood/'

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        Early respiratory viral infections in infants with cystic fibrosis

        Early viral infections were associated with greater neutrophilic inflammation and bacterial pathogens ...

        Research

        ACE2 expression is elevated in airway epithelial cells from older and male healthy individuals but reduced in asthma

        COVID-19 is complicated by acute lung injury, and death in some individuals. It is caused by SARS-CoV-2 that requires the ACE2 receptor and serine proteases to enter AEC. We determined what factors are associated with ACE2 expression particularly in patients with asthma and COPD. We obtained lower AEC from 145 people from two independent cohorts, aged 2-89 years, Newcastle (n = 115) and Perth (n = 30), Australia. The Newcastle cohort was enriched with people with asthma (n = 37) and COPD (n = 38). Gene expression for ACE2 and other genes potentially associated with SARS-CoV-2 cell entry was assessed by qPCR, and protein expression was confirmed with immunohistochemistry on endobronchial biopsies and cultured AEC. ...

        Research

        Visualisation of Multiple Tight Junctional Complexes in Human Airway Epithelial Cells

        Apically located tight junctions in airway epithelium perform a fundamental role in controlling macromolecule migration through paracellular spaces. ...

        Research

        The effect of inhaled hypertonic saline on lung structure in children aged 3-6 years with cystic fibrosis (SHIP-CT): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, controlled trial

        In the Saline Hypertonic in Preschoolers (SHIP) study, inhaled 7% hypertonic saline improved the lung clearance index in children aged 3-6 years with cystic fibrosis, but it remained unclear whether improvement is also seen in structural lung disease. We aimed to assess the effect of inhaled hypertonic saline on chest CT imaging in children aged 3-6 years with cystic fibrosis. ...

        Research

        Automatic bronchus and artery analysis on chest computed tomography to evaluate the effect of inhaled hypertonic saline in children aged 3-6 years with cystic fibrosis in a randomized clinical trial

        SHIP-CT showed that 48-week treatment with inhaled 7% hypertonic saline (HS) reduced airway abnormalities on chest CT using the manual PRAGMA-CF method relative to isotonic saline (IS) in children aged 3-6 years with cystic fibrosis (CF). An algorithm was developed and validated to automatically measure bronchus and artery (BA) dimensions of BA-pairs on chest CT. Aim of the study was to assess the effect of HS on bronchial wall thickening and bronchial widening using the BA-analysis. ...

        Research

        Maternal life events during pregnancy and offspring language ability in middle childhood

        There is accumulating evidence for a link between maternal stress during pregnancy and later behavioural and emotional problems in children. ...

        Research

        Prenatal Exposure to General Anesthesia and Childhood Behavioral Deficit

        Exposure to surgery and anesthesia in early childhood has been found to be associated with an increased risk of behavioral deficits. While the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has warned against prenatal exposure to anesthetic drugs, little clinical evidence exists to support this recommendation. ...

        Research

        Using continuous glucose monitoring to detect early dysglycaemia in children participating in the ENDIA study (Sub Protocol)

        Aveni Liz Haynes Davis AH EA BA (Hons), MBBChir, MA (Cantab), PhD MBBS FRACP PhD Senior Research Fellow Head, Chronic & Severe Diseases Research Focus Area; Clinical Lead, Diabetes and Obesity Research Aveni.Haynes@health.wa.gov.au Senior Research ...

        Research

        The CDKL5 disorder is an independent clinical entity associated with early-onset encephalopathy

        The clinical understanding of the CDKL5 disorder remains limited, with most information being derived from small patient groups seen at individual centres. ...

        Research

        Identification of the determinants of incomplete vaccination in Australian children

        Most parents are supportive of vaccination. Sociodemographic factors may contribute more to the risk of incomplete vaccination than attitudes or beliefs. ...

        Research

        The associations between autistic and communication traits in parents and developmental outcomes in children at familial risk of autism at 6 and 24 months of age

        Several studies have explored relationships between parent broader autism phenotype and offspring communication, and have reported that autistic-like traits in parents are related to offspring communication difficulties and autism severity. However, past research has focused on studying such associations in childhood and we know very little about them in infancy. With accumulating evidence that interventions administered during infancy may be most effective in reducing ASD symptoms, it is imperative to examine whether relationships between parent autistic-like traits and child communication appear even earlier during this critical period of life. ...

        Research

        Systems pharmacogenomics identifies novel targets and clinically actionable therapeutics for medulloblastoma

        Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant paediatric brain tumour and a leading cause of cancer-related mortality and morbidity. Existing treatment protocols are aggressive in nature resulting in significant neurological, intellectual and physical disabilities for the children undergoing treatment. Thus, there is an urgent need for improved, targeted therapies that minimize these harmful side effects. ...

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