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        Risk factors for COVID-19 infection, disease severity and related deaths in Africa: A systematic review

        The aim of this study was to provide a comprehensive evidence on risk factors for transmission, disease severity and COVID-19 related deaths in Africa. A systematic review has been conducted to synthesise existing evidence on risk factors affecting COVID-19 outcomes across Africa. ...

        Research

        Spatiotemporal Distribution of Tuberculosis in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia: A Hotspot Analysis

        Tuberculosis (TB) is a major public health concern in low- and middle-income countries including Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the spatiotemporal distribution of TB and identify TB risk factors in Ethiopia's Oromia region. ...

        Research

        Economic burden of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis on patients and households: a global systematic review and meta-analysis

        Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a major health threat worldwide, causing a significant economic burden to patients and their families. Due to the longer duration of treatment and expensive second-line medicine, the economic burden of MDR-TB is assumed to be higher than drug-susceptible TB. ...

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        Effects of zinc and vitamin A supplementation on prognostic markers and treatment outcomes of adults with pulmonary tuberculosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

        Undernutrition is a major risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), which is estimated to be responsible for 1.9 million TB cases per year globally. The effectiveness of micronutrient supplementation on TB treatment outcomes and its prognostic markers (sputum conversion, serum zinc, retinol and haemoglobin levels) has been poorly understood. ...

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        Constitutive Activation of RAS/MAPK Pathway Cooperates with Trisomy 21 and Is Therapeutically Exploitable in Down Syndrome B-cell Leukemia

        Children with Down syndrome (constitutive trisomy 21) that develop acute lymphoblastic leukemia (DS-ALL) have a 3-fold increased likelihood of treatment-related mortality coupled with a higher cumulative incidence of relapse, compared with other children with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). ...

        Research

        The ARC Centre of Excellence for Children and Families over the Life Course (Life Course Centre or LCC)

        Steve Zubrick SR FASSA, FAAMHS, MSc AM PhD Honorary Emeritus Research Fellow 08 6319 1409 Stephen.zubrick@telethonkids.org.au Honorary Emeritus Research Fellow Stephen Zubrick holds a Professorial appointment in the Centre for Child Health Research ...

        Research

        Multi-centre, multi-disciplinary study using a systems biology approach to investigate immunomodulation in children with acute wheeze

        Ingrid Pat Laing Holt IL PG BSc PhD PhD, DSc, FRCPath, FRCPI, FAA Head, Children's Respiratory Science Emeritus Honorary Researcher 6319 1828 Ingrid.laing@telethonkids.org.au@hotmail.cmo Patrick.Holt@telethonkids.org.au Honorary Research Fellow ...

        Research

        SJ-ELiOT: St Jude - Phase 1 Evaluation of LY2606368, Molecularly-Targeted CHK1/2i Therapy, in Combination with Cyclophosphamide or Gemcitabine for Children and Adolescents with Refractory or Recurrent Medulloblastoma Brain Tumours

        Nick Raelene Gottardo Endersby NG R MBChB FRACP PhD BSc (Hons) PhD Co-Head, Brain Tumour Research Brainchild Fellow; Co-Head, Brain Tumour Research nicholas.gottardo@telethonkids.org.au raelene.endersby@telethonkids.org.au Co-Head, Brain Tumour ...

        Research

        EphA3-targeted chimeric antigen receptor T cells are effective in glioma and generate curative memory T cell responses

        High-grade gliomas including glioblastoma (GBM) and diffuse midline gliomas (DMG) represent the most lethal and aggressive brain cancers where current treatment modalities offer limited efficacy. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies have emerged as a promising strategy, boasting tumor-specific targeting and the unique ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. ...

        Research

        Unique architectural features of mammalian mitochondrial protein synthesis

        Mitochondria rely on coordinated expression of their own mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with that of the nuclear genome for their biogenesis. The bacterial ancestry of mitochondria has given rise to unique and idiosyncratic features of the mtDNA and its expression machinery that can be specific to different organisms. In animals, the mitochondrial protein synthesis machinery has acquired many new components and mechanisms over evolution. ...

        Research

        Illuminating mitochondrial translation through mouse models

        Mitochondria are hubs of metabolic activity with a major role in ATP conversion by oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). The mammalian mitochondrial genome encodes 11 mRNAs encoding 13 OXPHOS proteins along with 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs, that facilitate their translation on mitoribosomes. ...

        Research

        Risk mapping and socio-ecological drivers of soil-transmitted helminth infections in the Philippines: a spatial modelling study

        The Philippines reports a high prevalence of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections despite the implementation of nationwide mass drug administration since 2006. The spatial variation of STH infections in the Philippines was last described using the 2005-2007 national STH and schistosomiasis survey. This study aimed to identify sociodemographic and environmental factors that drive STH transmission and predict high-risk areas in the Philippines. ...

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