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        Zika Virus Changes Methylation of Genes Involved in Immune Response and Neural Development in Brazilian Babies Born With Congenital Microcephaly

        The recent increase in babies born with brain and eye malformations in Brazil is associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in utero. ZIKV alters host DNA methylation in vitro. Using genome-wide DNA methylation profiling we compared 18 babies born with congenital ZIKV microcephaly with 20 controls. We found ZIKV-associated alteration of host methylation patterns, notably at RABGAP1L which is important in brain development, at viral host immunity genes MX1 and ISG15, and in an epigenetic module containing the causal microcephaly gene MCPH1. Our data support the hypothesis that clinical signs of congenital ZIKV are associated with changes in DNA methylation. ...

        Research

        Progressive ventilation inhomogeneity in infants with cystic fibrosis after pulmonary infection

        This study aimed to determine how pulmonary inflammation & infection impacts on ventilation distribution throughout early life in people with cystic fibrosis. ...

        Research

        Risk factors for low receptive vocabulary abilities in the preschool and early school years in the longitudinal study of Australian children

        Receptive vocabulary development is a component of the human language system that emerges in the first year of life and is characterised by onward expansion... ...

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        Toxoplasma gondii infection is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in-vitro

        Our results show perturbation of host mitochondrial function following T. gondii infection that likely impacts on pathogenesis of disease. ...

        Research

        Comparison of experiences in two birth cohorts comprising young families with children under four years during the initial Covid-19 lockdown in Australia and the UK: A qualitative study

        This study aims to understand the experience and impact of the initial COVID-19 lock-down in young families with children aged below 4 years. Free text questions were administered to participants in the ORIGINS (Australia) and Born in Bradford (UK) cohort studies to collect qualitative information on worries, concerns and enjoyable experiences during the pandemic. ...

        Research

        Immunogenicity and Immune Memory after a Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Vaccine Booster in a High-Risk Population Primed with Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine

        PPV is immunogenic in 9-month-old children at high risk of pneumococcal infections and does not affect the capacity to produce protective immune responses ...

        Research

        A quality improvement study: Optimizing pneumococcal vaccination rates in children with cochlear implants

        Children with cochlear implants are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease, with national and international guidelines recommending additional pneumococcal vaccines for these children. This study aimed to examine the pneumococcal immunization status and rate of invasive pneumococcal disease in children with cochlear implants at a tertiary paediatric hospital over a 12-year period. ...

        Research

        Modelling study of the ability to diagnose acute rheumatic fever at different levels of the Ugandan healthcare system

        To determine the ability to accurately diagnose acute rheumatic fever given the resources available at three levels of the Ugandan healthcare system. ...

        Research

        Barriers and enablers of health service utilisation for childhood skin infections in remote aboriginal communities of Western Australia

        Health service utilisation in this setting may be enhanced by improving general awareness of the significance of childhood skin infections ...

        Research

        Multiple-breath washout outcomes are sensitive to inflammation and infection in children with cystic fibrosis

        The lung clearance index may be a useful surveillance tool for monitoring the presence and extent of lower airway inflammation and infection ...

        Research

        Does mum know best? Should we be vaccinating mothers to protect their babies from ear and lung disease?

        Elke Lea-Ann Ruth Peter Seppanen Kirkham Thornton Richmond ES LK RT PC BSc PhD PhD PhD MBBS MRCP(UK) FRACP Program Manager, Bacterial Respiratory Infectious Disease Group Co-Head, Bacterial Respiratory Infectious Disease Group; Microbiology Lead, ...

        Research

        ORIGINS community wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic

        Desiree Jackie Lisa Susan Silva Davis Gibson Prescott DS JD LG SL MBBS, FRACP, MPH, PhD BSc (Hons) BA (Hons), MPsych, PhD MBBS BMedSci PhD FRACP Co-Head, The ORIGINS Project Co-Head, The ORIGINS Project Research Fellow, The ORIGINS Project Honorary ...

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