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        Association of prenatal alcohol exposure with offspring DNA methylation in mammals: a systematic review of the evidence

        Prenatal alcohol exposure is associated with a range of adverse offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes. Several studies suggest that PAE modifies DNA methylation in offspring cells and tissues, providing evidence for a potential mechanistic link to Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. ...

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        The impact of ethnic minority status on tuberculosis diagnosis and treatment delays in Hunan Province, China

        Tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major public health challenge in China. Understanding TB management delays within the context of China’s unique ethnic diversity may be of value in tackling the disease. This study sought to evaluate the impact of ethnic minority status on TB diagnosis and treatment delays. ...

        Research

        COVID-19-Related Submission Priorities From the Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society

        Christopher Blyth CC MBBS (Hons) DCH FRACP FRCPA PhD Centre Head, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases; Co-Head, Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, Wesfarmers Centre of Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Honorary and NHMRC Emerging ...

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        COVID-19 in children: I. Epidemiology, prevention and indirect impacts

        Children globally have been profoundly impacted by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This review explores the direct and indirect public health impacts of COVID-19 on children. We discuss in detail the transmission dynamics, vaccination strategies and, importantly, the ‘shadow pandemic’, encompassing underappreciated indirect impacts of the pandemic on children. ...

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        Dysregulated Notch Signaling in the Airway Epithelium of Children with Wheeze

        The airway epithelium of children with wheeze is characterized by defective repair that contributes to disease pathobiology. Dysregulation of developmental processes controlled by Notch has been identified in chronic asthma. However, its role in airway epithelial cells of young children with wheeze, particularly during repair, is yet to be determined. ...

        Research

        Association between interpregnancy interval and pregnancy complications by history of complications: A population-based cohort study

        To examine if the association between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and pregnancy complications varies by the presence or absence of previous complications. Design and setting Population-based longitudinally linked cohort study in Western Australia (WA). ...

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        Co-design of a neurodevelopment assessment scale: A study protocol

        Neurodevelopmental disorders are a heterogeneous group of conditions with overlapping symptomatology and fluctuating developmental trajectories that transcend current diagnostic categorisation. There is a need for validated screening instruments which dimensionally assess symptomatology from a holistic, transdiagnostic perspective. ...

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        Consensus guidelines for optimising antifungal drug delivery and monitoring to avoid toxicity and improve outcomes in patients with haematological malignancy and haemopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, 2021

        Antifungal agents can have complex dosing and the potential for drug interaction, both of which can lead to subtherapeutic antifungal drug concentrations and poorer clinical outcomes for patients with haematological malignancy and haemopoietic stem cell transplant recipients. Antifungal agents can also be associated with significant toxicities when drug concentrations are too high. ...

        Research

        The prevalence of soil transmitted helminth infections in minority indigenous populations of south-east asia and the western pacific region: A systematic review and meta-analysis

        By mapping land use under projections of socio-economic change, ecological changes can be predicted to inform conservation decision-making. We present a land use model that enables the fine-scale mapping of land use change under future scenarios. ...

        Research

        What doctors should consider before prescribing e-liquids for e-cigarettes

        Alexander Larcombe A BScEnv (Hons) PhD Team Leader, Respiratory Environmental Health Team Leader, Respiratory Environmental Health Associate Professor Alexander Larcombe began work at the Telethon Institute in 2005 and is now a Senior Research ...

        Research

        The relationship between physical activity, self-regulation and cognitive school readiness in preschool children

        Limited research exists on the pathways through which physical activity influences cognitive development in the early years. This study examined the direct and indirect relationships between physical activity, self-regulation, and cognitive school readiness in preschool children. ...

        Research

        Multi-institutional analysis of treatment modalities in basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma

        Central nervous system germinomas are treatment-sensitive tumors with excellent survival outcomes. Current treatment strategies combine chemotherapy with radiotherapy (RT) in order to reduce the field and dose of RT. Germinomas originating in the basal ganglia/thalamus have proven challenging to treat given their rarity and poorly defined imaging characteristics. Craniospinal, whole brain, whole ventricle, and focal RT have all been utilized; however, the best treatment strategy remains unclear. ...

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